feat(observability): Phase A logging substrate — Logger/Span ABI + journal sink (250 tests)

Structured, agent-first logging captured durably to an append-only journal file.

Kernel (contracts/logging.ts): leveled/attributed Logger + Span, auto-scoped per extension (host stamps manifest.id, unspoofable), incremental span records (open/close) for crash-reconstructable traces, injected LogSink (pure record-builder). ctx.log on ToolContract; runTurn opens turn/step/tool-call spans and captures the verbatim pre-mutation prompt (the 'before') on the step span.

journal-sink (new package, bootstrap dep — not an extension): LogSink appending NDJSON to a rotating journal; pure serialize + thin fs edge; fail-safe drop, never blocks a turn. host-bin injects it via HostDeps; session-orchestrator threads host.logger (childed per turn) into runTurn.

Redaction is per-extension self-redaction (no shared helper — isolation over DRY). The out-of-process collector + SQLite store + the verbatim 'after' provider.request capture are Phase B / next (notes/observability-design.md §10/§11).

Verified: tsc -b clean, 250 tests (218→+32), biome clean. Live boot: a turn's journal holds host logs + turn/step spans (open+close) + the prompt:before record with the verbatim messages array.

Harness: ORCHESTRATOR §3 rule-scoping map; .dispatch/rules/isolation-over-dry.md; notes/observability-design.md (design D1–D10 + Phase A/B plan).

12 files changed, 1192 insertions, 71 deletions

diff --git a/packages/kernel/src/bus/bus.test.ts b/packages/kernel/src/bus/bus.test.ts
index 7366b50..05cf875 100644
--- a/packages/kernel/src/bus/bus.test.ts
+++ b/packages/kernel/src/bus/bus.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
-import type { Logger } from "../contracts/extension.js";
 import { defineEventHook, defineFilter, defineService } from "../contracts/hooks.js";
+import type { Logger, Span } from "../contracts/logging.js";
 import { type Bus, createBus } from "./bus.js";
 import { applyFilterChain, dispatchEventSync, sortFilters } from "./pure.js";
 
@@ -10,15 +10,30 @@ interface FakeLogger extends Logger {
 
 function createFakeLogger(): FakeLogger {
 	const errors: Array<{ message: string; args: unknown[] }> = [];
-	return {
+	const logger: FakeLogger = {
 		errors,
 		debug: () => {},
 		info: () => {},
 		warn: () => {},
-		error: (message: string, ...args: unknown[]) => {
-			errors.push({ message, args });
+		error: (message, attrs) => {
+			errors.push({ message, args: attrs === undefined ? [] : [attrs] });
 		},
+		child: () => logger,
+		span: () => makeNoopSpan(logger),
 	};
+	return logger;
+}
+
+function makeNoopSpan(log: Logger): Span {
+	const span: Span = {
+		id: "noop",
+		log,
+		setAttributes: () => {},
+		addLink: () => {},
+		child: () => span,
+		end: () => {},
+	};
+	return span;
 }
 
 describe("event hooks", () => {
diff --git a/packages/kernel/src/bus/pure.ts b/packages/kernel/src/bus/pure.ts
index 7cd9143..4d90fc6 100644
--- a/packages/kernel/src/bus/pure.ts
+++ b/packages/kernel/src/bus/pure.ts
@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ export function dispatchEventSync<T>(
 			const result = handler(payload);
 			if (result instanceof Promise) {
 				result.catch((err: unknown) => {
-					logger.error(`Event hook "${hookId}" handler rejected`, err);
+					logger.error(`Event hook "${hookId}" handler rejected`, { err });
 				});
 			}
 		} catch (err) {
-			logger.error(`Event hook "${hookId}" handler threw`, err);
+			logger.error(`Event hook "${hookId}" handler threw`, { err });
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ export async function dispatchEventAsync<T>(
 		try {
 			await handler(payload);
 		} catch (err) {
-			logger.error(`Event hook "${hookId}" handler threw`, err);
+			logger.error(`Event hook "${hookId}" handler threw`, { err });
 		}
 	});
 
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export async function applyFilterChain<T>(
 			current = await fn(current);
 		} catch (err) {
 			if (failClosed) throw err;
-			logger.error(`Filter "${hookId}" handler threw (fail-open, passing through)`, err);
+			logger.error(`Filter "${hookId}" handler threw (fail-open, passing through)`, { err });
 		}
 	}
 	return current;
diff --git a/packages/kernel/src/contracts/extension.ts b/packages/kernel/src/contracts/extension.ts
index 424f714..00b41f1 100644
--- a/packages/kernel/src/contracts/extension.ts
+++ b/packages/kernel/src/contracts/extension.ts
@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ import type {
 	FilterHandler,
 	ServiceHandle,
 } from "./hooks.js";
+import type { Logger } from "./logging.js";
+
+export type { Logger } from "./logging.js";
+
 import type { ProviderContract } from "./provider.js";
 import type { ToolContract } from "./tool.js";
 
@@ -132,15 +136,7 @@ export interface ScheduledJob {
 	readonly execute: () => void | Promise<void>;
 }
 
-// --- Logger ---
-
-/** Logger interface available to every extension via the Host API. */
-export interface Logger {
-	readonly debug: (message: string, ...args: unknown[]) => void;
-	readonly info: (message: string, ...args: unknown[]) => void;
-	readonly warn: (message: string, ...args: unknown[]) => void;
-	readonly error: (message: string, ...args: unknown[]) => void;
-}
+// --- Logger is re-exported from logging.ts (structured, correlated) ---
 
 // --- Config ---
 
diff --git a/packages/kernel/src/contracts/index.ts b/packages/kernel/src/contracts/index.ts
index 0b578cb..e4eba87 100644
--- a/packages/kernel/src/contracts/index.ts
+++ b/packages/kernel/src/contracts/index.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ export type {
 	EventsEmitter,
 	Extension,
 	HostAPI,
-	Logger,
 	Manifest,
 	ManifestCapabilities,
 	ManifestContributions,
@@ -57,7 +56,6 @@ export type {
 	StorageNamespace,
 	TrustLevel,
 } from "./extension.js";
-
 export type {
 	EventHandler,
 	EventHookDescriptor,
@@ -66,9 +64,25 @@ export type {
 	HookDescriptor,
 	ServiceHandle,
 } from "./hooks.js";
-
 export { defineEventHook, defineFilter, defineService } from "./hooks.js";
 export type {
+	Attributes,
+	ErrorAttributes,
+	Level,
+	LogContext,
+	LogDeps,
+	Logger,
+	LogLineRecord,
+	LogRecord,
+	LogSink,
+	Span,
+	SpanCloseRecord,
+	SpanLink,
+	SpanOpenRecord,
+	SpanStatus,
+} from "./logging.js";
+export { createLogger } from "./logging.js";
+export type {
 	FinishEvent,
 	ProviderContract,
 	ProviderErrorEvent,
diff --git a/packages/kernel/src/contracts/logging.ts b/packages/kernel/src/contracts/logging.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e1eef3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/kernel/src/contracts/logging.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,461 @@
+/**
+ * Logging contract — structured, correlated, span-capable Logger/Span ABI.
+ *
+ * The kernel owns types + pure record-builders. NO I/O — the LogSink is
+ * injected by the host-bin. Logger/Span mint records and call sink.emit;
+ * sink errors are swallowed (D7 — the turn is sovereign).
+ *
+ * Key properties:
+ * - P3-safe: correlation flows via explicit child()/span() values, no ambient.
+ * - P2: record-builder is pure ({ now, newId } injected).
+ * - D3: spans emitted incrementally (open at span(), close at end()).
+ * - D6: extensionId auto-stamped by host, not caller-supplied.
+ * - Flat scalar attributes (serializable D3, queryable D9).
+ */
+
+// --- Levels ---
+
+export type Level = "debug" | "info" | "warn" | "error";
+
+// --- Attributes ---
+
+/** Flat, serializable key/value pairs. Caller stringifies nested objects. */
+export type Attributes = Readonly<Record<string, string | number | boolean | null>>;
+
+// --- LogContext (correlation) ---
+
+/** Correlation context carried on every log record and span. */
+export interface LogContext {
+	/** Auto-stamped by host from manifest.id (D6) — never caller-supplied. */
+	readonly extensionId: string;
+	readonly conversationId?: string;
+	readonly turnId?: string;
+	readonly spanId?: string;
+	readonly parentSpanId?: string;
+}
+
+// --- Span ---
+
+/**
+ * A timed unit of work within a trace. Opened via `logger.span(name)`,
+ * closed via `span.end()`. Emits incremental open/close records so a
+ * crashed turn is reconstructable from the journal (D3).
+ */
+export interface Span {
+	readonly id: string;
+	/** Pre-bound Logger scoped to this span's correlation. */
+	readonly log: Logger;
+	/** Add or overwrite attributes on this span. */
+	readonly setAttributes: (attrs: Attributes) => void;
+	/** Record a causal link to another span (D4 cross-feature causality). */
+	readonly addLink: (
+		target: { readonly spanId: string; readonly turnId?: string },
+		reason?: string,
+	) => void;
+	/** Open a child span nested under this one. */
+	readonly child: (name: string, attrs?: Attributes) => Span;
+	/**
+	 * Close this span. Records duration + status. Optionally records an
+	 * error and/or additional attributes.
+	 */
+	readonly end: (outcome?: { readonly err?: unknown; readonly attrs?: Attributes }) => void;
+}
+
+// --- Logger ---
+
+/**
+ * Structured, correlated logger. The host auto-scopes each extension's
+ * logger with its manifest.id as extensionId (D6).
+ *
+ * `info("msg")` must still compile — attrs is optional (backward compat).
+ */
+export interface Logger {
+	readonly debug: (msg: string, attrs?: Attributes) => void;
+	readonly info: (msg: string, attrs?: Attributes) => void;
+	readonly warn: (msg: string, attrs?: Attributes) => void;
+	readonly error: (msg: string, attrs?: ErrorAttributes) => void;
+	/**
+	 * Create a child logger with additional correlation context.
+	 * Explicit values passed down (P3 — no ambient state).
+	 */
+	readonly child: (ctx: Partial<LogContext> & { readonly attrs?: Attributes }) => Logger;
+	/** Open a new span. Emits a `span-open` record immediately (D3). */
+	readonly span: (name: string, attrs?: Attributes) => Span;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Attributes for error log calls. The `err` field is `unknown` (not
+ * constrained to Attributes' scalar index signature) so callers can
+ * pass `error("msg", { err })` directly.
+ */
+export interface ErrorAttributes {
+	readonly err?: unknown;
+	readonly [key: string]: unknown;
+}
+
+// --- LogRecord (discriminated union) ---
+
+/**
+ * Status of a span. "ok" is the default when no error is recorded.
+ */
+export type SpanStatus = "ok" | "error";
+
+/**
+ * A link to another span, recorded at a handoff moment (D4).
+ */
+export interface SpanLink {
+	readonly spanId: string;
+	readonly turnId?: string;
+	readonly reason?: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Flat, JSON-serializable discriminated union. Spans are emitted
+ * incrementally (open at span(), close at end()) so a crashed turn is
+ * reconstructable from the journal (D3).
+ *
+ * Every variant carries correlation keys + timestamp. An optional `body`
+ * field (string) holds large verbatim payloads (store-fat-serve-thin).
+ */
+export type LogRecord = LogLineRecord | SpanOpenRecord | SpanCloseRecord;
+
+/** A structured log line (debug/info/warn/error). */
+export interface LogLineRecord {
+	readonly kind: "log";
+	readonly level: Level;
+	readonly msg: string;
+	readonly timestamp: number;
+	readonly extensionId: string;
+	readonly conversationId?: string;
+	readonly turnId?: string;
+	readonly spanId?: string;
+	readonly parentSpanId?: string;
+	readonly attributes?: Attributes;
+	/** Optional large verbatim payload (store-fat, serve-thin). */
+	readonly body?: string;
+}
+
+/** Emitted when a span is opened (at `logger.span(name)`). */
+export interface SpanOpenRecord {
+	readonly kind: "span-open";
+	readonly spanId: string;
+	readonly name: string;
+	readonly timestamp: number;
+	readonly extensionId: string;
+	readonly conversationId?: string;
+	readonly turnId?: string;
+	readonly parentSpanId?: string;
+	readonly attributes?: Attributes;
+	readonly links?: readonly SpanLink[];
+	readonly body?: string;
+}
+
+/** Emitted when a span is closed (at `span.end()`). Carries duration + status. */
+export interface SpanCloseRecord {
+	readonly kind: "span-close";
+	readonly spanId: string;
+	readonly name: string;
+	readonly timestamp: number;
+	readonly durationMs: number;
+	readonly status: SpanStatus;
+	readonly extensionId: string;
+	readonly conversationId?: string;
+	readonly turnId?: string;
+	readonly parentSpanId?: string;
+	readonly attributes?: Attributes;
+	readonly links?: readonly SpanLink[];
+	readonly body?: string;
+}
+
+// --- LogSink ---
+
+/**
+ * Fire-and-forget sink. The kernel calls emit(); the host-bin injects
+ * a concrete implementation. Kernel never lets sink errors escape (D7).
+ */
+export interface LogSink {
+	readonly emit: (record: LogRecord) => void;
+}
+
+// --- Deterministic helpers (injected for testability) ---
+
+/** Clock + id generator injected into the logger factory. */
+export interface LogDeps {
+	readonly now: () => number;
+	readonly newId: () => string;
+}
+
+// --- Pure record builder (no I/O) ---
+
+/**
+ * Internal state carried by a logger instance. Built by createLogger;
+ * never exposed outside this module.
+ */
+interface LoggerState {
+	readonly ctx: LogContext;
+	readonly attrs: Attributes | undefined;
+	readonly deps: LogDeps;
+	readonly sink: LogSink;
+}
+
+function mergeAttributes(
+	base: Attributes | undefined,
+	extra: Attributes | undefined,
+): Attributes | undefined {
+	if (base === undefined && extra === undefined) return undefined;
+	if (base === undefined) return extra;
+	if (extra === undefined) return base;
+	return { ...base, ...extra };
+}
+
+function isScalarAttr(value: unknown): value is string | number | boolean | null {
+	const t = typeof value;
+	return t === "string" || t === "number" || t === "boolean" || value === null;
+}
+
+function emitLog(state: LoggerState, level: Level, msg: string, attrs?: Attributes): void {
+	const merged = mergeAttributes(state.attrs, attrs);
+	const base = {
+		kind: "log" as const,
+		level,
+		msg,
+		timestamp: state.deps.now(),
+		extensionId: state.ctx.extensionId,
+	};
+	const record: LogLineRecord =
+		state.ctx.conversationId !== undefined ||
+		state.ctx.turnId !== undefined ||
+		state.ctx.spanId !== undefined ||
+		state.ctx.parentSpanId !== undefined ||
+		merged !== undefined
+			? {
+					...base,
+					...(state.ctx.conversationId !== undefined
+						? { conversationId: state.ctx.conversationId }
+						: {}),
+					...(state.ctx.turnId !== undefined ? { turnId: state.ctx.turnId } : {}),
+					...(state.ctx.spanId !== undefined ? { spanId: state.ctx.spanId } : {}),
+					...(state.ctx.parentSpanId !== undefined ? { parentSpanId: state.ctx.parentSpanId } : {}),
+					...(merged !== undefined ? { attributes: merged } : {}),
+				}
+			: base;
+	try {
+		state.sink.emit(record);
+	} catch {
+		// Swallow — D7: the turn is sovereign (never break the caller).
+	}
+}
+
+function buildSpanOpen(
+	state: LoggerState,
+	name: string,
+	spanId: string,
+	attrs?: Attributes,
+): SpanOpenRecord {
+	const base = {
+		kind: "span-open" as const,
+		spanId,
+		name,
+		timestamp: state.deps.now(),
+		extensionId: state.ctx.extensionId,
+	};
+	const merged = mergeAttributes(state.attrs, attrs);
+	return {
+		...base,
+		...(state.ctx.conversationId !== undefined ? { conversationId: state.ctx.conversationId } : {}),
+		...(state.ctx.turnId !== undefined ? { turnId: state.ctx.turnId } : {}),
+		...(state.ctx.parentSpanId !== undefined ? { parentSpanId: state.ctx.parentSpanId } : {}),
+		...(merged !== undefined ? { attributes: merged } : {}),
+	};
+}
+
+function buildSpanLink(
+	target: { readonly spanId: string; readonly turnId?: string },
+	reason?: string,
+): SpanLink {
+	return {
+		spanId: target.spanId,
+		...(target.turnId !== undefined ? { turnId: target.turnId } : {}),
+		...(reason !== undefined ? { reason } : {}),
+	};
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create a structured Logger. Pure factory — all I/O goes through the
+ * injected sink. `{ now, newId }` are injected for deterministic tests.
+ *
+ * @param ctx  Initial correlation context (extensionId + optional ids).
+ * @param sink  Fire-and-forget record sink.
+ * @param deps  Clock + id generator.
+ * @param attrs  Optional default attributes (from child()).
+ */
+export function createLogger(
+	ctx: LogContext,
+	sink: LogSink,
+	deps: LogDeps,
+	attrs?: Attributes,
+): Logger {
+	const state: LoggerState = { ctx, attrs, deps, sink };
+
+	function makeSpan(name: string, spanAttrs?: Attributes, parentSpanId?: string): Span {
+		const spanId = deps.newId();
+		const mergedParent = parentSpanId ?? state.ctx.spanId;
+		const spanCtx: LogContext = {
+			extensionId: ctx.extensionId,
+			...(ctx.conversationId !== undefined ? { conversationId: ctx.conversationId } : {}),
+			...(ctx.turnId !== undefined ? { turnId: ctx.turnId } : {}),
+			spanId,
+			...(mergedParent !== undefined ? { parentSpanId: mergedParent } : {}),
+		};
+
+		const openRecord = buildSpanOpen(state, name, spanId, spanAttrs);
+		const spanAttrsMutable: Record<string, string | number | boolean | null> =
+			spanAttrs !== undefined ? { ...spanAttrs } : {};
+		const links: SpanLink[] = [];
+		const openedAt = deps.now();
+
+		try {
+			sink.emit(openRecord);
+		} catch {
+			// Swallow — D7.
+		}
+
+		const spanLogger = createLogger(spanCtx, sink, deps, state.attrs);
+
+		const span: Span = {
+			id: spanId,
+			log: spanLogger,
+			setAttributes(newAttrs: Attributes): void {
+				for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(newAttrs)) {
+					spanAttrsMutable[key] = value;
+				}
+			},
+			addLink(target, reason): void {
+				links.push(buildSpanLink(target, reason));
+			},
+			child(childName: string, childAttrs?: Attributes): Span {
+				return makeSpan(childName, childAttrs, spanId);
+			},
+			end(outcome?): void {
+				const closedAt = deps.now();
+				const err = outcome?.err;
+				let status: SpanStatus = "ok";
+				if (err !== undefined && err !== null) {
+					status = "error";
+					const errMsg = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
+					spanAttrsMutable["error.message"] = errMsg;
+					if (err instanceof Error && err.stack !== undefined) {
+						spanAttrsMutable["error.stack"] = err.stack;
+					}
+				}
+				if (outcome?.attrs !== undefined) {
+					for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(outcome.attrs)) {
+						spanAttrsMutable[key] = value;
+					}
+				}
+
+				const hasAttrs = Object.keys(spanAttrsMutable).length > 0;
+				const hasLinks = links.length > 0;
+				const base = {
+					kind: "span-close" as const,
+					spanId,
+					name,
+					timestamp: closedAt,
+					durationMs: closedAt - openedAt,
+					status,
+					extensionId: ctx.extensionId,
+				};
+				const closeRecord: SpanCloseRecord = {
+					...base,
+					...(ctx.conversationId !== undefined ? { conversationId: ctx.conversationId } : {}),
+					...(ctx.turnId !== undefined ? { turnId: ctx.turnId } : {}),
+					...(mergedParent !== undefined ? { parentSpanId: mergedParent } : {}),
+					...(hasAttrs ? { attributes: { ...spanAttrsMutable } } : {}),
+					...(hasLinks ? { links: [...links] } : {}),
+				};
+				try {
+					sink.emit(closeRecord);
+				} catch {
+					// Swallow — D7.
+				}
+			},
+		};
+
+		return span;
+	}
+
+	const logger: Logger = {
+		debug(msg: string, attrs?: Attributes): void {
+			emitLog(state, "debug", msg, attrs);
+		},
+		info(msg: string, attrs?: Attributes): void {
+			emitLog(state, "info", msg, attrs);
+		},
+		warn(msg: string, attrs?: Attributes): void {
+			emitLog(state, "warn", msg, attrs);
+		},
+		error(msg: string, attrs?: ErrorAttributes): void {
+			const err = attrs?.err;
+			if (err !== undefined && err !== null) {
+				// Extract scalar attributes (everything except err).
+				const scalarAttrs: Record<string, string | number | boolean | null> = {};
+				if (attrs !== undefined) {
+					for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(attrs)) {
+						if (key !== "err" && isScalarAttr(value)) {
+							scalarAttrs[key] = value;
+						}
+					}
+				}
+				const merged = mergeAttributes(
+					state.attrs,
+					Object.keys(scalarAttrs).length > 0 ? scalarAttrs : undefined,
+				);
+				const errMsg = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
+				const errorAttrs: Record<string, string | number | boolean | null> = {
+					...(merged ?? {}),
+					"error.message": errMsg,
+				};
+				if (err instanceof Error && err.stack !== undefined) {
+					errorAttrs["error.stack"] = err.stack;
+				}
+				emitLog(state, "error", msg, errorAttrs as Attributes);
+			} else {
+				// No err field — filter to scalar attributes only.
+				const scalarAttrs: Record<string, string | number | boolean | null> = {};
+				if (attrs !== undefined) {
+					for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(attrs)) {
+						if (isScalarAttr(value)) {
+							scalarAttrs[key] = value;
+						}
+					}
+				}
+				emitLog(
+					state,
+					"error",
+					msg,
+					Object.keys(scalarAttrs).length > 0 ? (scalarAttrs as Attributes) : undefined,
+				);
+			}
+		},
+		child(childCtx: Partial<LogContext> & { readonly attrs?: Attributes }): Logger {
+			const convId = childCtx.conversationId ?? ctx.conversationId;
+			const tId = childCtx.turnId ?? ctx.turnId;
+			const sId = childCtx.spanId ?? ctx.spanId;
+			const pId = childCtx.parentSpanId ?? ctx.parentSpanId;
+			const newCtx: LogContext = {
+				extensionId: ctx.extensionId,
+				...(convId !== undefined ? { conversationId: convId } : {}),
+				...(tId !== undefined ? { turnId: tId } : {}),
+				...(sId !== undefined ? { spanId: sId } : {}),
+				...(pId !== undefined ? { parentSpanId: pId } : {}),
+			};
+			const newAttrs = mergeAttributes(state.attrs, childCtx.attrs);
+			return createLogger(newCtx, sink, deps, newAttrs);
+		},
+		span(name: string, attrs?: Attributes): Span {
+			return makeSpan(name, attrs);
+		},
+	};
+
+	return logger;
+}
diff --git a/packages/kernel/src/contracts/runtime.ts b/packages/kernel/src/contracts/runtime.ts
index 68c0444..1e8f14f 100644
--- a/packages/kernel/src/contracts/runtime.ts
+++ b/packages/kernel/src/contracts/runtime.ts
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 import type { ChatMessage } from "./conversation.js";
 import type { ToolDispatchPolicy } from "./dispatch.js";
 import type { AgentEvent } from "./events.js";
+import type { Logger } from "./logging.js";
 import type { ProviderContract, ProviderStreamOptions, Usage } from "./provider.js";
 import type { ToolContract } from "./tool.js";
 
@@ -73,6 +74,13 @@ export interface RunTurnInput {
 
 	/** Cancellation signal for the entire turn. */
 	readonly signal?: AbortSignal;
+
+	/**
+	 * Optional logger for structured span instrumentation. The runtime opens
+	 * turn/step/tool-call spans using this logger. If omitted, no spans are
+	 * emitted (backward-compatible with callers that don't yet pass a logger).
+	 */
+	readonly logger?: Logger;
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/packages/kernel/src/contracts/tool.ts b/packages/kernel/src/contracts/tool.ts
index f74ce77..0699d05 100644
--- a/packages/kernel/src/contracts/tool.ts
+++ b/packages/kernel/src/contracts/tool.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
  * Extensions may use zod internally and convert to this shape.
  */
 
+import type { Logger } from "./logging.js";
+
 /**
  * Structural JSON Schema subset for tool parameter declarations.
  * The kernel does not validate against this — the provider serializes it for
@@ -53,6 +55,13 @@ export interface ToolExecuteContext {
 	 * can clean up rather than leak.
 	 */
 	readonly signal: AbortSignal;
+
+	/**
+	 * Pre-bound Logger scoped to this tool-call span. Tools log correlated
+	 * without a global (P3). The kernel stamps extensionId, conversationId,
+	 * turnId, and spanId automatically.
+	 */
+	readonly log: Logger;
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/packages/kernel/src/host/host.test.ts b/packages/kernel/src/host/host.test.ts
index 11c2356..7688366 100644
--- a/packages/kernel/src/host/host.test.ts
+++ b/packages/kernel/src/host/host.test.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import type {
 	EventsEmitter,
 	Extension,
 	HostAPI,
-	Logger,
 	Manifest,
 	ManifestContributions,
 	PermissionDecision,
@@ -17,33 +16,92 @@ import type {
 	StorageNamespace,
 } from "../contracts/extension.js";
 import { defineEventHook, defineService } from "../contracts/hooks.js";
+import type {
+	Attributes,
+	ErrorAttributes,
+	LogDeps,
+	Logger,
+	LogRecord,
+	LogSink,
+} from "../contracts/logging.js";
 import type { ProviderContract } from "../contracts/provider.js";
 import type { ToolContract } from "../contracts/tool.js";
 import { createHost, type HostDeps, KERNEL_API_VERSION } from "./host.js";
 
 interface FakeLogger extends Logger {
-	readonly logs: Array<{ level: string; message: string; args: unknown[] }>;
+	readonly logs: Array<{ level: string; message: string; attrs?: Attributes | ErrorAttributes }>;
 }
 
 function createFakeLogger(): FakeLogger {
-	const logs: Array<{ level: string; message: string; args: unknown[] }> = [];
+	const logs: Array<{ level: string; message: string; attrs?: Attributes | ErrorAttributes }> = [];
 	return {
 		logs,
-		debug: (message: string, ...args: unknown[]) => {
-			logs.push({ level: "debug", message, args });
+		debug: (message: string, attrs?: Attributes) => {
+			if (attrs !== undefined) {
+				logs.push({ level: "debug", message, attrs });
+			} else {
+				logs.push({ level: "debug", message });
+			}
+		},
+		info: (message: string, attrs?: Attributes) => {
+			if (attrs !== undefined) {
+				logs.push({ level: "info", message, attrs });
+			} else {
+				logs.push({ level: "info", message });
+			}
+		},
+		warn: (message: string, attrs?: Attributes) => {
+			if (attrs !== undefined) {
+				logs.push({ level: "warn", message, attrs });
+			} else {
+				logs.push({ level: "warn", message });
+			}
 		},
-		info: (message: string, ...args: unknown[]) => {
-			logs.push({ level: "info", message, args });
+		error: (message: string, attrs?: ErrorAttributes) => {
+			if (attrs !== undefined) {
+				logs.push({ level: "error", message, attrs });
+			} else {
+				logs.push({ level: "error", message });
+			}
 		},
-		warn: (message: string, ...args: unknown[]) => {
-			logs.push({ level: "warn", message, args });
+		child(
+			_ctx: Partial<import("../contracts/logging.js").LogContext> & { readonly attrs?: Attributes },
+		): Logger {
+			return createFakeLogger();
 		},
-		error: (message: string, ...args: unknown[]) => {
-			logs.push({ level: "error", message, args });
+		span(_name: string, _attrs?: Attributes): import("../contracts/logging.js").Span {
+			return {
+				id: "fake-span",
+				log: createFakeLogger(),
+				setAttributes() {},
+				addLink() {},
+				child() {
+					return this;
+				},
+				end() {},
+			};
 		},
 	};
 }
 
+function createFakeLogSink(): LogSink & { readonly records: LogRecord[] } {
+	const records: LogRecord[] = [];
+	return {
+		records,
+		emit: (record: LogRecord) => {
+			records.push(record);
+		},
+	};
+}
+
+function createFakeLogDeps(): LogDeps {
+	let idCounter = 0;
+	return {
+		now: () => 1000 + idCounter * 100,
+		newId: () => `span-${++idCounter}`,
+	};
+}
+
 function createFakeConfig(): ConfigAccess {
 	return {
 		get: () => undefined,
@@ -176,12 +234,16 @@ function createFakeAuth(id: string): AuthContract {
 
 describe("createHost", () => {
 	let logger: FakeLogger;
+	let logSink: ReturnType<typeof createFakeLogSink>;
+	let logDeps: LogDeps;
 	let deps: HostDeps;
 	let scheduler: ReturnType<typeof createFakeScheduler>;
 	let events: ReturnType<typeof createFakeEvents>;
 
 	beforeEach(() => {
 		logger = createFakeLogger();
+		logSink = createFakeLogSink();
+		logDeps = createFakeLogDeps();
 		scheduler = createFakeScheduler();
 		events = createFakeEvents();
 		deps = {
@@ -193,6 +255,8 @@ describe("createHost", () => {
 			scheduler,
 			bus: createBus(logger),
 			events,
+			logSink,
+			logDeps,
 		};
 	});
 
@@ -529,6 +593,7 @@ describe("createHost", () => {
 			expect(order).toEqual(["deactivate-c", "deactivate-a"]);
 			const errors = logger.logs.filter((l) => l.level === "error");
 			expect(errors.some((e) => e.message.includes("deactivate"))).toBe(true);
+			expect(errors.some((e) => (e.attrs as { err?: unknown })?.err instanceof Error)).toBe(true);
 		});
 	});
 
@@ -750,4 +815,146 @@ describe("createHost", () => {
 			);
 		});
 	});
+
+	describe("auto-scoped logger (D6)", () => {
+		it("each extension's logger stamps its own manifest.id as extensionId", async () => {
+			let extALogger: Logger | undefined;
+			let extBLogger: Logger | undefined;
+
+			const a = createExtension("ext-a", {
+				activate: (host) => {
+					extALogger = host.logger;
+				},
+			});
+			const b = createExtension("ext-b", {
+				activate: (host) => {
+					extBLogger = host.logger;
+				},
+			});
+
+			const host = createHost([a, b], deps);
+			await host.activate();
+
+			extALogger?.info("from-a");
+			extBLogger?.info("from-b");
+
+			const logRecords = logSink.records.filter((r) => r.kind === "log");
+			expect(logRecords).toHaveLength(2);
+			if (logRecords[0]?.kind === "log") {
+				expect(logRecords[0].extensionId).toBe("ext-a");
+				expect(logRecords[0].msg).toBe("from-a");
+			}
+			if (logRecords[1]?.kind === "log") {
+				expect(logRecords[1].extensionId).toBe("ext-b");
+				expect(logRecords[1].msg).toBe("from-b");
+			}
+		});
+
+		it("an extension cannot spoof extensionId — it is auto-stamped", async () => {
+			let extLogger: Logger | undefined;
+
+			const ext = createExtension("real-id", {
+				activate: (host) => {
+					extLogger = host.logger;
+				},
+			});
+
+			const host = createHost([ext], deps);
+			await host.activate();
+
+			// child() cannot override extensionId
+			const child = extLogger?.child({ extensionId: "spoofed" });
+			child?.info("msg");
+
+			const logRecords = logSink.records.filter((r) => r.kind === "log");
+			expect(logRecords).toHaveLength(1);
+			if (logRecords[0]?.kind === "log") {
+				expect(logRecords[0].extensionId).toBe("real-id");
+			}
+		});
+
+		it("host.logger.error uses structured { err } shape", async () => {
+			let extLogger: Logger | undefined;
+
+			const ext = createExtension("ext", {
+				activate: (host) => {
+					extLogger = host.logger;
+				},
+			});
+
+			const host = createHost([ext], deps);
+			await host.activate();
+
+			extLogger?.error("something broke", { err: new Error("boom") });
+
+			const logRecords = logSink.records.filter((r) => r.kind === "log");
+			expect(logRecords).toHaveLength(1);
+			if (logRecords[0]?.kind === "log") {
+				expect(logRecords[0].level).toBe("error");
+				expect(logRecords[0].msg).toBe("something broke");
+				expect(logRecords[0].attributes?.["error.message"]).toBe("boom");
+			}
+		});
+
+		it("a throwing sink does NOT break the caller", async () => {
+			const brokenSink: LogSink = {
+				emit() {
+					throw new Error("sink down");
+				},
+			};
+			const brokenDeps: HostDeps = {
+				...deps,
+				logSink: brokenSink,
+			};
+
+			let extLogger: Logger | undefined;
+			const ext = createExtension("ext", {
+				activate: (host) => {
+					extLogger = host.logger;
+				},
+			});
+
+			const host = createHost([ext], brokenDeps);
+			await host.activate();
+
+			// Should not throw
+			expect(() => extLogger?.info("msg")).not.toThrow();
+		});
+
+		it("span() + end() emit incremental span-open and span-close records", async () => {
+			let extLogger: Logger | undefined;
+
+			const ext = createExtension("ext", {
+				activate: (host) => {
+					extLogger = host.logger;
+				},
+			});
+
+			const host = createHost([ext], deps);
+			await host.activate();
+
+			const span = extLogger?.span("my-span", { key: "value" });
+			span?.setAttributes({ extra: "attr" });
+			span?.end({ attrs: { result: "ok" } });
+
+			const spanOpens = logSink.records.filter((r) => r.kind === "span-open");
+			const spanCloses = logSink.records.filter((r) => r.kind === "span-close");
+
+			expect(spanOpens).toHaveLength(1);
+			expect(spanCloses).toHaveLength(1);
+
+			if (spanOpens[0]?.kind === "span-open") {
+				expect(spanOpens[0].name).toBe("my-span");
+				expect(spanOpens[0].extensionId).toBe("ext");
+				expect(spanOpens[0].attributes?.key).toBe("value");
+			}
+			if (spanCloses[0]?.kind === "span-close") {
+				expect(spanCloses[0].name).toBe("my-span");
+				expect(spanCloses[0].status).toBe("ok");
+				expect(spanCloses[0].durationMs).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0);
+				expect(spanCloses[0].attributes?.extra).toBe("attr");
+				expect(spanCloses[0].attributes?.result).toBe("ok");
+			}
+		});
+	});
 });
diff --git a/packages/kernel/src/host/host.ts b/packages/kernel/src/host/host.ts
index dd61f9f..c7ec7a9 100644
--- a/packages/kernel/src/host/host.ts
+++ b/packages/kernel/src/host/host.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import type {
 	EventsEmitter,
 	Extension,
 	HostAPI,
-	Logger,
 	Manifest,
 	PermissionGate,
 	ScheduledJob,
@@ -19,6 +18,8 @@ import type {
 	FilterHandler,
 	ServiceHandle,
 } from "../contracts/hooks.js";
+import type { LogDeps, Logger, LogSink } from "../contracts/logging.js";
+import { createLogger } from "../contracts/logging.js";
 import type { ProviderContract } from "../contracts/provider.js";
 import type { ToolContract } from "../contracts/tool.js";
 import { resolveActivationOrder } from "./dag.js";
@@ -40,6 +41,8 @@ export interface HostDeps {
 	readonly scheduler: { readonly register: (job: ScheduledJob) => void };
 	readonly bus: Bus;
 	readonly events: EventsEmitter;
+	readonly logSink: LogSink;
+	readonly logDeps: LogDeps;
 }
 
 export interface Host {
@@ -96,8 +99,12 @@ export function createHost(extensions: readonly Extension[], deps: HostDeps): Ho
 		}
 	}
 
-	function buildHostAPI(opts?: { readonly registrationClosed?: boolean }): HostAPI {
+	function buildHostAPI(
+		extensionId: string,
+		opts?: { readonly registrationClosed?: boolean },
+	): HostAPI {
 		const closed = opts?.registrationClosed ?? false;
+		const extLogger = createLogger({ extensionId }, deps.logSink, deps.logDeps);
 		return {
 			defineTool(tool: ToolContract) {
 				if (closed) throw new Error("Registration not available after activation");
@@ -130,7 +137,7 @@ export function createHost(extensions: readonly Extension[], deps: HostDeps): Ho
 			secrets: deps.secrets,
 			permissions: deps.permissions,
 			events: deps.events,
-			logger: deps.logger,
+			logger: extLogger,
 			getProviders() {
 				return providers;
 			},
@@ -156,7 +163,7 @@ export function createHost(extensions: readonly Extension[], deps: HostDeps): Ho
 		async activate() {
 			for (const ext of compatible) {
 				try {
-					await ext.activate(buildHostAPI());
+					await ext.activate(buildHostAPI(ext.manifest.id));
 					activated.push(ext);
 					deps.logger.info(`Extension "${ext.manifest.id}" activated`);
 				} catch (err) {
@@ -164,7 +171,7 @@ export function createHost(extensions: readonly Extension[], deps: HostDeps): Ho
 						manifest: ext.manifest,
 						reason: `Activation failed: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)}`,
 					});
-					deps.logger.error(`Extension "${ext.manifest.id}" failed to activate`, err);
+					deps.logger.error(`Extension "${ext.manifest.id}" failed to activate`, { err });
 				}
 			}
 		},
@@ -175,7 +182,7 @@ export function createHost(extensions: readonly Extension[], deps: HostDeps): Ho
 				try {
 					await ext.deactivate();
 				} catch (err) {
-					deps.logger.error(`Extension "${ext.manifest.id}" failed to deactivate`, err);
+					deps.logger.error(`Extension "${ext.manifest.id}" failed to deactivate`, { err });
 				}
 			}
 		},
@@ -207,7 +214,7 @@ export function createHost(extensions: readonly Extension[], deps: HostDeps): Ho
 			return disabled;
 		},
 		getHostAPI() {
-			return buildHostAPI({ registrationClosed: true });
+			return buildHostAPI("__host__", { registrationClosed: true });
 		},
 	};
 }
diff --git a/packages/kernel/src/runtime/dispatch.ts b/packages/kernel/src/runtime/dispatch.ts
index 626b333..1ba0849 100644
--- a/packages/kernel/src/runtime/dispatch.ts
+++ b/packages/kernel/src/runtime/dispatch.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import type { ToolDispatchPolicy } from "../contracts/dispatch.js";
+import type { Logger, Span } from "../contracts/logging.js";
 import type { EventEmitter } from "../contracts/runtime.js";
 import type { ToolCall, ToolContract, ToolExecuteContext, ToolResult } from "../contracts/tool.js";
 import { toolOutputEvent } from "./events.js";
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ export async function executeToolCall(
 	emit: EventEmitter,
 	conversationId: string,
 	turnId: string,
+	toolSpan?: Span,
 ): Promise<ToolResult> {
 	if (tool === undefined) {
 		return { content: `Unknown tool: ${call.name}`, isError: true };
@@ -28,6 +30,7 @@ export async function executeToolCall(
 		onOutput: (data, stream) => {
 			emit(toolOutputEvent(conversationId, turnId, call.id, data, stream));
 		},
+		log: toolSpan?.log ?? createNoopLogger(),
 	};
 	try {
 		return await tool.execute(call.input, ctx);
@@ -50,6 +53,7 @@ export function createStepDispatcher(
 	emit: EventEmitter,
 	conversationId: string,
 	turnId: string,
+	toolSpans: Map<string, Span>,
 ): StepDispatcher {
 	let activeCount = 0;
 	let unsafeRunning = false;
@@ -78,6 +82,7 @@ export function createStepDispatcher(
 	}
 
 	async function runAndResolve(entry: QueueEntry): Promise<void> {
+		const tcSpan = toolSpans.get(entry.call.id);
 		const result = await executeToolCall(
 			entry.call,
 			entry.tool,
@@ -85,6 +90,7 @@ export function createStepDispatcher(
 			emit,
 			conversationId,
 			turnId,
+			tcSpan,
 		);
 		activeCount--;
 		if (entry.tool?.concurrencySafe === false) unsafeRunning = false;
@@ -129,3 +135,27 @@ export function createStepDispatcher(
 
 	return { submit, drain };
 }
+
+function createNoopLogger(): Logger {
+	return {
+		debug() {},
+		info() {},
+		warn() {},
+		error() {},
+		child() {
+			return createNoopLogger();
+		},
+		span() {
+			return {
+				id: "noop",
+				log: createNoopLogger(),
+				setAttributes() {},
+				addLink() {},
+				child() {
+					return this;
+				},
+				end() {},
+			};
+		},
+	};
+}
diff --git a/packages/kernel/src/runtime/run-turn.test.ts b/packages/kernel/src/runtime/run-turn.test.ts
index 696a385..48f0b5a 100644
--- a/packages/kernel/src/runtime/run-turn.test.ts
+++ b/packages/kernel/src/runtime/run-turn.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import type { ChatMessage } from "../contracts/conversation.js";
 import type { AgentEvent } from "../contracts/events.js";
+import type { LogDeps, Logger, LogRecord, LogSink } from "../contracts/logging.js";
+import { createLogger } from "../contracts/logging.js";
 import type { ProviderContract, ProviderEvent } from "../contracts/provider.js";
 import type { ToolContract, ToolExecuteContext, ToolResult } from "../contracts/tool.js";
 import { runTurn } from "./run-turn.js";
@@ -814,4 +816,228 @@ describe("runTurn", () => {
 			expect(outputs[1]?.stream).toBe("stderr");
 		}
 	});
+
+	describe("span instrumentation", () => {
+		function createTestLogger(): {
+			logger: Logger;
+			sink: LogSink & { records: LogRecord[] };
+			deps: LogDeps;
+		} {
+			let idCounter = 0;
+			const deps: LogDeps = {
+				now: () => 1000 + idCounter * 100,
+				newId: () => `span-${++idCounter}`,
+			};
+			const records: LogRecord[] = [];
+			const sink: LogSink & { records: LogRecord[] } = {
+				records,
+				emit: (record) => records.push(record),
+			};
+			const logger = createLogger({ extensionId: "test" }, sink, deps);
+			return { logger, sink, deps };
+		}
+
+		it("emits turn + step span open/close in order", async () => {
+			const provider = createFakeProvider([
+				[
+					{ type: "text-delta", delta: "hi" },
+					{ type: "usage", usage: { inputTokens: 1, outputTokens: 1 } },
+					{ type: "finish", reason: "stop" },
+				],
+			]);
+
+			const { logger, sink } = createTestLogger();
+
+			await runTurn({
+				provider,
+				messages: [userMessage],
+				tools: [],
+				dispatch: { maxConcurrent: 1, eager: false },
+				conversationId: "conv-1",
+				turnId: "turn-1",
+				emit: () => {},
+				logger,
+			});
+
+			const spanOpens = sink.records.filter((r) => r.kind === "span-open");
+			const spanCloses = sink.records.filter((r) => r.kind === "span-close");
+
+			expect(spanOpens.length).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(2); // turn + step
+			expect(spanCloses.length).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(2);
+
+			const turnOpen = spanOpens.find((r) => r.kind === "span-open" && r.name === "turn");
+			const stepOpen = spanOpens.find((r) => r.kind === "span-open" && r.name === "step");
+			expect(turnOpen).toBeDefined();
+			expect(stepOpen).toBeDefined();
+
+			if (turnOpen?.kind === "span-open") {
+				expect(turnOpen.extensionId).toBe("test");
+				expect(turnOpen.attributes?.conversationId).toBe("conv-1");
+				expect(turnOpen.attributes?.turnId).toBe("turn-1");
+			}
+
+			const turnClose = spanCloses.find((r) => r.kind === "span-close" && r.name === "turn");
+			expect(turnClose).toBeDefined();
+			if (turnClose?.kind === "span-close") {
+				expect(turnClose.status).toBe("ok");
+				expect(turnClose.durationMs).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0);
+			}
+		});
+
+		it("emits tool-call spans for dispatched tools", async () => {
+			const tool = createFakeTool("echo", async () => ({ content: "echoed" }));
+
+			const provider = createFakeProvider([
+				[
+					{ type: "tool-call", toolCallId: "tc1", toolName: "echo", input: {} },
+					{ type: "finish", reason: "tool-calls" },
+				],
+				[
+					{ type: "text-delta", delta: "done" },
+					{ type: "finish", reason: "stop" },
+				],
+			]);
+
+			const { logger, sink } = createTestLogger();
+
+			await runTurn({
+				provider,
+				messages: [userMessage],
+				tools: [tool],
+				dispatch: { maxConcurrent: 1, eager: false },
+				conversationId: "conv-1",
+				turnId: "turn-1",
+				emit: () => {},
+				logger,
+			});
+
+			const toolCallSpans = sink.records.filter(
+				(r) => r.kind === "span-open" && r.name === "tool-call",
+			);
+			expect(toolCallSpans).toHaveLength(1);
+			if (toolCallSpans[0]?.kind === "span-open") {
+				expect(toolCallSpans[0].attributes?.name).toBe("echo");
+				expect(toolCallSpans[0].attributes?.toolCallId).toBe("tc1");
+			}
+
+			const toolCallCloses = sink.records.filter(
+				(r) => r.kind === "span-close" && r.name === "tool-call",
+			);
+			expect(toolCallCloses).toHaveLength(1);
+			if (toolCallCloses[0]?.kind === "span-close") {
+				expect(toolCallCloses[0].status).toBe("ok");
+			}
+		});
+
+		it("tools receive ctx.log (correlated logger)", async () => {
+			let capturedLog: Logger | undefined;
+
+			const tool = createFakeTool("logtest", async (_input, ctx) => {
+				capturedLog = ctx.log;
+				ctx.log.info("tool ran", { key: "value" });
+				return { content: "ok" };
+			});
+
+			const provider = createFakeProvider([
+				[
+					{ type: "tool-call", toolCallId: "tc1", toolName: "logtest", input: {} },
+					{ type: "finish", reason: "tool-calls" },
+				],
+				[
+					{ type: "text-delta", delta: "done" },
+					{ type: "finish", reason: "stop" },
+				],
+			]);
+
+			const { logger, sink } = createTestLogger();
+
+			await runTurn({
+				provider,
+				messages: [userMessage],
+				tools: [tool],
+				dispatch: { maxConcurrent: 1, eager: false },
+				conversationId: "conv-1",
+				turnId: "turn-1",
+				emit: () => {},
+				logger,
+			});
+
+			expect(capturedLog).toBeDefined();
+
+			const toolLogs = sink.records.filter(
+				(r) => r.kind === "log" && r.kind === "log" && (r as { msg: string }).msg === "tool ran",
+			);
+			expect(toolLogs).toHaveLength(1);
+			if (toolLogs[0]?.kind === "log") {
+				expect(toolLogs[0].attributes?.key).toBe("value");
+				expect(toolLogs[0].extensionId).toBe("test");
+			}
+		});
+
+		it("an aborted turn still closes its turn span", async () => {
+			const ac = new AbortController();
+			ac.abort();
+
+			const provider = createFakeProvider([
+				[
+					{ type: "text-delta", delta: "should not appear" },
+					{ type: "finish", reason: "stop" },
+				],
+			]);
+
+			const { logger, sink } = createTestLogger();
+
+			await runTurn({
+				provider,
+				messages: [userMessage],
+				tools: [],
+				dispatch: { maxConcurrent: 1, eager: false },
+				conversationId: "conv-1",
+				turnId: "turn-1",
+				emit: () => {},
+				signal: ac.signal,
+				logger,
+			});
+
+			const turnCloses = sink.records.filter((r) => r.kind === "span-close" && r.name === "turn");
+			expect(turnCloses).toHaveLength(1);
+			if (turnCloses[0]?.kind === "span-close") {
+				expect(turnCloses[0].attributes?.finishReason).toBe("aborted");
+			}
+		});
+
+		it("a provider error closes the step span with error status", async () => {
+			const provider: ProviderContract = {
+				id: "fake",
+				stream() {
+					return (async function* () {
+						yield { type: "text-delta", delta: "partial" } as ProviderEvent;
+						throw new Error("provider exploded");
+					})();
+				},
+			};
+
+			const { logger, sink } = createTestLogger();
+
+			const result = await runTurn({
+				provider,
+				messages: [userMessage],
+				tools: [],
+				dispatch: { maxConcurrent: 1, eager: false },
+				conversationId: "conv-1",
+				turnId: "turn-1",
+				emit: () => {},
+				logger,
+			});
+
+			expect(result.finishReason).toBe("error");
+
+			const stepCloses = sink.records.filter((r) => r.kind === "span-close" && r.name === "step");
+			expect(stepCloses).toHaveLength(1);
+			if (stepCloses[0]?.kind === "span-close") {
+				expect(stepCloses[0].status).toBe("error");
+				expect(stepCloses[0].attributes?.["error.message"]).toContain("provider exploded");
+			}
+		});
+	});
 });
diff --git a/packages/kernel/src/runtime/run-turn.ts b/packages/kernel/src/runtime/run-turn.ts
index 9421d86..0f42ef3 100644
--- a/packages/kernel/src/runtime/run-turn.ts
+++ b/packages/kernel/src/runtime/run-turn.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import type { ChatMessage, Chunk } from "../contracts/conversation.js";
+import type { Logger, Span } from "../contracts/logging.js";
 import type { ProviderContract, ProviderEvent, Usage } from "../contracts/provider.js";
 import type { EventEmitter, RunTurnInput, RunTurnResult } from "../contracts/runtime.js";
 import type { ToolCall, ToolContract } from "../contracts/tool.js";
@@ -76,6 +77,8 @@ interface StepContext {
 	readonly signal: AbortSignal;
 	readonly conversationId: string;
 	readonly turnId: string;
+	readonly logger: Logger;
+	readonly toolSpans: Map<string, Span>;
 }
 
 interface StepResult {
@@ -124,6 +127,18 @@ function processEvent(
 					event.input,
 				),
 			);
+
+			// Open a tool-call span (attrs: name, toolCallId)
+			try {
+				const tcSpan = ctx.logger.span("tool-call", {
+					name: event.toolName,
+					toolCallId: event.toolCallId,
+				});
+				ctx.toolSpans.set(event.toolCallId, tcSpan);
+			} catch {
+				// Swallow — D7: logging never breaks the turn.
+			}
+
 			if (ctx.dispatch.eager) {
 				dispatcher.submit(call);
 			}
@@ -151,6 +166,26 @@ async function executeStep(ctx: StepContext): Promise<StepResult> {
 	let stepUsage = zeroUsage();
 	let finishReason = "stop";
 
+	// Open a step span with the verbatim pre-mutation prompt in its body (BEFORE capture).
+	let stepSpan: Span | undefined;
+	try {
+		stepSpan = ctx.logger.span("step");
+		// Emit the verbatim pre-mutation prompt as a log record on the step span's logger.
+		// This is the "BEFORE" capture — the messages + tools as handed to provider.stream.
+		stepSpan.log.info("prompt:before", {
+			"prompt.messages": JSON.stringify(ctx.messages),
+			"prompt.tools": JSON.stringify(
+				ctx.tools.map((t) => ({
+					name: t.name,
+					description: t.description,
+					parameters: t.parameters,
+				})),
+			),
+		});
+	} catch {
+		// Swallow — D7.
+	}
+
 	const dispatcher = createStepDispatcher(
 		ctx.toolMap,
 		ctx.dispatch,
@@ -158,6 +193,7 @@ async function executeStep(ctx: StepContext): Promise<StepResult> {
 		ctx.emit,
 		ctx.conversationId,
 		ctx.turnId,
+		ctx.toolSpans,
 	);
 
 	try {
@@ -177,6 +213,13 @@ async function executeStep(ctx: StepContext): Promise<StepResult> {
 		chunks.push({ type: "error", message });
 		ctx.emit(errorEvent(ctx.conversationId, ctx.turnId, message));
 		finishReason = "error";
+		// Close step span with error
+		try {
+			stepSpan?.end({ err });
+		} catch {
+			// Swallow — D7.
+		}
+		stepSpan = undefined;
 	}
 
 	if (!ctx.dispatch.eager) {
@@ -187,6 +230,25 @@ async function executeStep(ctx: StepContext): Promise<StepResult> {
 
 	const results = await dispatcher.drain();
 
+	// Close remaining tool-call spans
+	for (const call of toolCalls) {
+		const tcSpan = ctx.toolSpans.get(call.id);
+		if (tcSpan !== undefined) {
+			const result = results.get(call.id);
+			try {
+				tcSpan.end({
+					attrs: {
+						isError: result?.isError ?? false,
+						contentLength: result?.content.length ?? 0,
+					},
+				});
+			} catch {
+				// Swallow — D7.
+			}
+			ctx.toolSpans.delete(call.id);
+		}
+	}
+
 	const toolMessages: ChatMessage[] = [];
 	for (const call of toolCalls) {
 		const result = results.get(call.id);
@@ -217,6 +279,21 @@ async function executeStep(ctx: StepContext): Promise<StepResult> {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Close step span (if not already closed by error)
+	if (stepSpan !== undefined) {
+		try {
+			stepSpan.end({
+				attrs: {
+					finishReason,
+					usage_inputTokens: stepUsage.inputTokens,
+					usage_outputTokens: stepUsage.outputTokens,
+				},
+			});
+		} catch {
+			// Swallow — D7.
+		}
+	}
+
 	const assistantMessage: ChatMessage | undefined =
 		chunks.length > 0 ? { role: "assistant", chunks } : undefined;
 
@@ -237,51 +314,122 @@ export async function runTurn(input: RunTurnInput): Promise<RunTurnResult> {
 	const conversationId = input.conversationId;
 	const turnId = input.turnId;
 	const signal = input.signal ?? new AbortController().signal;
+	const logger = input.logger;
 
-	for (let step = 0; step < MAX_STEPS; step++) {
-		if (signal.aborted) {
-			finishReason = "aborted";
-			break;
+	// Open a turn span (attrs: conversationId, turnId, model)
+	let turnSpan: Span | undefined;
+	if (logger !== undefined) {
+		try {
+			turnSpan = logger.span("turn", {
+				conversationId,
+				turnId,
+				model: input.providerOpts?.model ?? input.provider.id,
+			});
+		} catch {
+			// Swallow — D7.
 		}
+	}
 
-		const stepResult = await executeStep({
-			provider: input.provider,
-			messages,
-			tools: input.tools,
-			toolMap,
-			dispatch: input.dispatch,
-			emit: input.emit,
-			signal,
-			conversationId,
-			turnId,
-		});
+	// Track open tool-call spans across steps so we can close them on abort
+	const toolSpans = new Map<string, Span>();
+
+	try {
+		for (let step = 0; step < MAX_STEPS; step++) {
+			if (signal.aborted) {
+				finishReason = "aborted";
+				break;
+			}
 
-		totalUsage = addUsage(totalUsage, stepResult.usage);
+			const stepResult = await executeStep({
+				provider: input.provider,
+				messages,
+				tools: input.tools,
+				toolMap,
+				dispatch: input.dispatch,
+				emit: input.emit,
+				signal,
+				conversationId,
+				turnId,
+				logger: turnSpan?.log ?? logger ?? createNoopLogger(),
+				toolSpans,
+			});
 
-		if (stepResult.assistantMessage !== undefined) {
-			messages.push(stepResult.assistantMessage);
-			resultMessages.push(stepResult.assistantMessage);
-		}
+			totalUsage = addUsage(totalUsage, stepResult.usage);
 
-		for (const msg of stepResult.toolMessages) {
-			messages.push(msg);
-			resultMessages.push(msg);
-		}
+			if (stepResult.assistantMessage !== undefined) {
+				messages.push(stepResult.assistantMessage);
+				resultMessages.push(stepResult.assistantMessage);
+			}
 
-		if (signal.aborted) {
-			finishReason = "aborted";
-			break;
-		}
+			for (const msg of stepResult.toolMessages) {
+				messages.push(msg);
+				resultMessages.push(msg);
+			}
 
-		if (stepResult.toolCalls.length === 0) {
-			finishReason = stepResult.finishReason;
-			break;
+			if (signal.aborted) {
+				finishReason = "aborted";
+				break;
+			}
+
+			if (stepResult.toolCalls.length === 0) {
+				finishReason = stepResult.finishReason;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			if (step === MAX_STEPS - 1) {
+				finishReason = "max-steps";
+			}
+		}
+	} finally {
+		// Close any orphaned tool-call spans (e.g. abort mid-tool)
+		for (const [id, tcSpan] of toolSpans) {
+			try {
+				tcSpan.end({ attrs: { orphaned: true } });
+			} catch {
+				// Swallow — D7.
+			}
+			toolSpans.delete(id);
 		}
 
-		if (step === MAX_STEPS - 1) {
-			finishReason = "max-steps";
+		// Close the turn span
+		if (turnSpan !== undefined) {
+			try {
+				turnSpan.end({
+					attrs: {
+						finishReason,
+						usage_inputTokens: totalUsage.inputTokens,
+						usage_outputTokens: totalUsage.outputTokens,
+					},
+				});
+			} catch {
+				// Swallow — D7.
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	return { messages: resultMessages, usage: totalUsage, finishReason };
 }
+
+function createNoopLogger(): Logger {
+	return {
+		debug() {},
+		info() {},
+		warn() {},
+		error() {},
+		child() {
+			return createNoopLogger();
+		},
+		span() {
+			return {
+				id: "noop",
+				log: createNoopLogger(),
+				setAttributes() {},
+				addLink() {},
+				child() {
+					return this;
+				},
+				end() {},
+			};
+		},
+	};
+}