/**
 * Pure template parser — input → output, zero I/O.
 *
 * Handles variable insertion (`[type:name]`) and conditional blocks
 * (`[if]`/`[else]`/`[endif]`, including negated `[if !...]` and nesting).
 * Unmatched control tags are emitted as literal text (the tag passes through
 * unchanged; surrounding content is parsed normally).
 *
 * Variable resolution rules (driven by the `vars` map):
 * - value is a string → insert it
 * - value is `null` (not existing) → insert empty string
 * - key absent from the map (unknown type) → insert empty string
 *
 * Conditional existence: a variable "exists" iff it is present in the map AND
 * its value is a string (not `null`). A `null` value or an absent key both mean
 * "does not exist".
 */

// ─── Token model ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

interface TextToken {
	readonly kind: "text";
	readonly value: string;
}
interface VarToken {
	readonly kind: "var";
	readonly key: string;
	readonly raw: string;
}
interface IfToken {
	readonly kind: "if";
	readonly key: string;
	readonly negated: boolean;
	readonly raw: string;
}
interface ElseToken {
	readonly kind: "else";
	readonly raw: string;
}
interface EndifToken {
	readonly kind: "endif";
	readonly raw: string;
}
type Token = TextToken | VarToken | IfToken | ElseToken | EndifToken;

// ─── Node model (AST) ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

interface TextNode {
	readonly kind: "text";
	readonly value: string;
}
interface VarNode {
	readonly kind: "var";
	readonly key: string;
}
interface IfNode {
	kind: "if";
	key: string;
	negated: boolean;
	thenBranch: Node[];
	else: Node[] | null;
	matched: boolean;
	readonly raw: string;
}
type Node = TextNode | VarNode | IfNode;

// ─── Tokenizer ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

/**
 * Classify the content between `[` and `]` into a control/variable token, or
 * `null` when it is not a recognized tag (then it stays literal text).
 */
function classifyTag(content: string): Token | null {
	const trimmed = content.trim();
	if (trimmed === "endif") return { kind: "endif", raw: `[${content}]` };
	if (trimmed === "else") return { kind: "else", raw: `[${content}]` };

	// `[if type:name]` / `[if !type:name]`
	const ifMatch = /^if\s+(!?)(\w+:.*)$/.exec(trimmed);
	if (ifMatch) {
		const negated = (ifMatch[1] ?? "") === "!";
		const key = ifMatch[2] ?? "";
		return { kind: "if", key, negated, raw: `[${content}]` };
	}

	// `[type:name]` — variable insertion (any `word:rest`)
	const varMatch = /^(\w+:.*)$/.exec(trimmed);
	if (varMatch) return { kind: "var", key: trimmed, raw: `[${content}]` };

	return null;
}

/**
 * Split a template into a flat token stream: text, variable, and control tags.
 * A `[` with no closing `]`, or whose content is not a recognized tag, is kept
 * as literal text.
 */
function tokenize(template: string): Token[] {
	const tokens: Token[] = [];
	let buf = "";
	let i = 0;
	const n = template.length;

	const flush = (): void => {
		if (buf.length > 0) {
			tokens.push({ kind: "text", value: buf });
			buf = "";
		}
	};

	while (i < n) {
		const ch = template[i];
		if (ch === undefined) break;
		if (ch === "[") {
			const close = template.indexOf("]", i + 1);
			if (close === -1) {
				buf += "[";
				i++;
				continue;
			}
			const content = template.slice(i + 1, close);
			const tag = classifyTag(content);
			if (tag !== null) {
				flush();
				tokens.push(tag);
				i = close + 1;
				continue;
			}
			buf += "[";
			i++;
		} else {
			buf += ch;
			i++;
		}
	}
	flush();
	return tokens;
}

// ─── Parser (token stream → AST) ─────────────────────────────────────────────

const EMPTY: readonly Node[] = Object.freeze([]) as readonly Node[];

/**
 * Build an AST from tokens using an explicit stack. `if`/`else`/`endif` are
 * matched here: an `if` left open at end-of-input is marked unmatched, and a
 * stray `else`/`endif` (no open `if`) becomes a literal text node.
 */
function parse(tokens: readonly Token[]): Node[] {
	const root: Node[] = [];
	const stack: IfNode[] = [];
	let current: Node[] = root;

	for (const tok of tokens) {
		switch (tok.kind) {
			case "text":
				current.push({ kind: "text", value: tok.value });
				break;
			case "var":
				current.push({ kind: "var", key: tok.key });
				break;
			case "if": {
				const node: IfNode = {
					kind: "if",
					key: tok.key,
					negated: tok.negated,
					thenBranch: [],
					else: null,
					matched: true,
					raw: tok.raw,
				};
				current.push(node);
				stack.push(node);
				current = node.thenBranch;
				break;
			}
			case "else": {
				const top = stack[stack.length - 1];
				if (top !== undefined && top.else === null) {
					top.else = [];
					current = top.else;
				} else {
					// stray else (no open if, or if already has an else) → literal
					current.push({ kind: "text", value: tok.raw });
				}
				break;
			}
			case "endif": {
				const top = stack.pop();
				if (top === undefined) {
					// stray endif → literal
					current.push({ kind: "text", value: tok.raw });
					break;
				}
				const parent = stack[stack.length - 1];
				current = parent === undefined ? root : (parent.else ?? parent.thenBranch);
				break;
			}
		}
	}

	// Any `if` still on the stack never found its `endif` → unmatched.
	for (const node of stack) node.matched = false;
	return root;
}

// ─── Renderer (AST → string) ────────────────────────────────────────────────

function variableExists(key: string, vars: ReadonlyMap<string, string | null>): boolean {
	return vars.has(key) && vars.get(key) !== null;
}

function render(nodes: readonly Node[], vars: ReadonlyMap<string, string | null>): string {
	let out = "";
	for (const node of nodes) {
		switch (node.kind) {
			case "text":
				out += node.value;
				break;
			case "var":
				out += vars.get(node.key) ?? "";
				break;
			case "if": {
				if (node.matched) {
					const exists = variableExists(node.key, vars);
					const takeThen = node.negated ? !exists : exists;
					const branch = takeThen ? node.thenBranch : (node.else ?? EMPTY);
					out += render(branch, vars);
				} else {
					// Unmatched `if` → the tag is literal text; content still renders.
					out += node.raw;
					out += render(node.thenBranch, vars);
					if (node.else !== null) {
						out += "[else]";
						out += render(node.else, vars);
					}
				}
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	return out;
}

// ─── Public API ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

/**
 * Resolve a template against a variable map → the final string.
 *
 * - `[type:name]` → the resolved value, or empty string when absent/null.
 * - `[if type:name] ... [endif]` → renders when the variable exists (string).
 * - `[if !type:name]` → renders when it does NOT exist.
 * - `[else]` provides the fallback branch.
 * - Unmatched `[if]`/`[endif]` tags pass through as literal text.
 */
export function parseTemplate(template: string, vars: ReadonlyMap<string, string | null>): string {
	const tokens = tokenize(template);
	const ast = parse(tokens);
	return render(ast, vars);
}

/**
 * Collect every variable key referenced by a template — from both insertion
 * (`[type:name]`) and conditionals (`[if type:name]` / `[if !type:name]`).
 * Used by the resolver to know which dynamic `file:<path>` variables to read.
 * Returns unique keys in first-seen order.
 */
export function extractVariables(template: string): string[] {
	const tokens = tokenize(template);
	const seen = new Set<string>();
	const keys: string[] = [];
	for (const tok of tokens) {
		if (tok.kind === "var" || tok.kind === "if") {
			if (!seen.has(tok.key)) {
				seen.add(tok.key);
				keys.push(tok.key);
			}
		}
	}
	return keys;
}