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Note that the home brew version of `mrb_static_assert` only works within
the function body. This reverts commit 8f99689.
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`mrb_get_arg1()` raises `ArgumentError` if the method does not receive one
argument.
And replaces all `mrb_get_args(mrb, "o", &arg)` by the new function.
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When using `mrb_any_to_s()` for debugging purposes, giving an object
whose class is `NULL` no longer causes a SIGSEGV and no crash.
This is achieved by making `mrb_class_name()` and `mrb_str_cat_cstr()`
null safe.
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- mrb_utf8len() - returns the size of a UTF-8 char (in bytes)
- mrb_utf8_strlen() - returns the length of a UTF-8 string (in char)
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C++ is stricter in implicit type casting.
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Differences from the PR #4940:
* Use simple search for short strings only.
* "short" means `m+n` is shorter than `MRB_QS_SHORT_STRING_LENGTH`.
* The current default value for `MRB_QS_SHORT_STRING_LENGTH` is 2048.
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Issue 19902: mruby:mruby_fuzzer: Stack-buffer-overflow in mrb_str_len_to_dbl
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The basic idea of this change is from @dearblue.
Note: the arguments of `mrb_str_pool()` have changed, but the function
is provided for internal use (No `MRB_API`). So basically you don't have
to worry about the change.
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Because literal pool may be released by GC.
#### Example:
```ruby
s1 = eval('"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz01"')
GC.start
p s1 #=> "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x90\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x90\x03\x00stuvwxyz01"
```
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Because location info (file name and line number) is kept in the backtrace,
it should not be kept in the result of `inspect` (and the exception object
itself), I think.
### Example
```ruby
# example.rb
begin
raise "err"
rescue => e
p e
end
```
#### Before this patch:
```
$ bin/mruby example.rb
example.rb:2: err (RuntimeError)
```
#### After this patch:
```
$ bin/mruby example.rb
err (RuntimeError)
```
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#### Before this patch:
```ruby
Integer("1_ ") #=> 1
```
#### After this patch (same as Ruby):
```ruby
Integer("1_ ") #=> ArgumentError
```
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#### Before this patch:
```ruby
Integer("_1") #=> 1
"_1".to_i #=> 1
```
#### After this patch (same as Ruby):
```ruby
Integer("_1") #=> ArgumentError
"_1".to_i #=> 0
```
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Consecutive `_` is not allowed as a numeric expression:
1_2__3 #=> SyntaxError
Float("1_2__3") #=> ArgumentError
Integer("1_2__3") #=> ArgumentError
"1_2__3".to_i #=> 12
But `String#to_f` accept it, so I fixed the issue.
Before this patch:
"1_2__3".to_f #=> 123
After this patch:
"1_2__3".to_f #=> 12
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#### Before this patch:
```
$ bin/mruby -e 'Float("1_a")'
-e:1: invalid string for float(a) (ArgumentError)
```
#### After this patch:
```
$ bin/mruby -e 'Float("1_a")'
-e:1: invalid string for float("1_a") (ArgumentError)
```
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The bit width terminology is unified to `BIT` according to `MRB_INT_BIT`
and `CHAR_BIT`. Also the bit position terminology is unified to `BIT_POS`.
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Previously, `mrb_int` was used as the type that represents the buffer size
on memory, but the sizes of `RString` and `RArray` exceed 6 words when
`MRB_INT64` is enabled on 32-bit CPU.
I don't think it is necessary to be able to represent the buffer size on
memory that exceeds the virtual address space. Therefore, for this purpose,
introduce `mrb_ssize` which doesn't exceed the sizes of `mrb_int` and
pointer.
I think all `mrb_int` used for this purpose should be changed to
`mrb_ssize`, but currently only the members of the structures (`RString`,
`mrb_shared_string`, `RArray` and `mrb_shared_array`) are changed.
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- Keep `MRB_STR_ASCII` flag.
- Avoid a string object creation.
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### Benchmark (with `MRB_UTF8_STRING`)
```
$ mruby -e '
COUNT = 150000
SIZE = 10000
strs = Array.new(COUNT) do
s = "a" * SIZE
s.size # set `MRB_STR_ASCII` flag
s
end
i = 0
t = Time.now
while i < COUNT
strs[i][-2..-1] = ""
i += 1
end
printf "%.2f sec\n", Time.now - t
'
1.10 sec # before
0.07 sec # after
```
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### Benchmark (with `MRB_UTF8_STRING`)
```ruby
# benchmark.rb
COUNT = 300000
SIZE = 10000
s = "a" * SIZE
s.size # set `MRB_STR_ASCII` flag
i = 0
while i < COUNT
s[-1]
i += 1
end
```
#### Before this patch:
```
$ time mruby benchmark.rb
2.06 real 2.05 user 0.00 sys
```
#### After this patch:
```
$ time mruby benchmark.rb
0.05 real 0.04 user 0.00 sys
```
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### Example (with `MRB_UTF8_STRING`)
```ruby
s = "\u3042"
p s.size
s.dump
p s.size
```
#### Before this patch:
```
1
3
```
#### After this patch:
```
1
1
```
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shuujii/sHARED-string-is-not-required-when-sharing-POOL-string
SHARED string is not required when sharing POOL string
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The heap string buffer of POOL string always exists, does not need to be
released, and read only, so it can be shared as NOFREE string.
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Because it may not create `struct mrb_shared_string`.
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This is an experimental changes in Ruby 2.7.
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Also fix document about type of the first argument.
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For efficiency with `MRB_WORD_BOXING` (implement type predicate macros for
all `enum mrb_vtype`).
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* mrb_sym2name -> mrb_sym_name
* mrb_sym2name_len -> mrb_sym_name_len
* mrb_sym2str -> mrb_sym_str
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Also fix document about type of the first argument.
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1. `$/` and other Perl-ish global variables are not defined in ISO.
2. The current Ruby policy do not encourage those variables.
3. Those variables has global effect and can cause troubles.
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