Cleanup: Replaced c_emplace() macro with more general c_apply()/c_apply_pair() macros, and removed c_var() macro.

         Removed CX_emplace_items() member functions in containers used by c_emplace().

33 files changed, 106 insertions, 145 deletions

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 3fc26682..02f4b02c 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -146,12 +146,12 @@ int main(void) {
     c_auto (csmap_int, map)

     {

         // add some elements to each container

-        c_emplace(cset_int, set, {10, 20, 30});

-        c_emplace(cvec_pnt, vec, { {10, 1}, {20, 2}, {30, 3} });

-        c_emplace(cdeq_int, deq, {10, 20, 30});

-        c_emplace(clist_int, lst, {10, 20, 30});

-        c_emplace(cstack_int, stk, {10, 20, 30});

-        c_emplace(csmap_int, map, { {20, 2}, {10, 1}, {30, 3} });

+        c_apply(cset_int, insert, &set, {10, 20, 30});

+        c_apply(cvec_pnt, push_back, &vec, { {10, 1}, {20, 2}, {30, 3} });

+        c_apply(cdeq_int, push_back, &deq, {10, 20, 30});

+        c_apply(clist_int, push_back, &lst, {10, 20, 30});

+        c_apply(cstack_int, push, &stk, {10, 20, 30});

+        c_apply_pair(csmap_int, insert, &map, { {20, 2}, {10, 1}, {30, 3} });

 

         // add one more element to each container

         cset_int_insert(&set, 40);

diff --git a/docs/ccommon_api.md b/docs/ccommon_api.md
index 75ebae2f..8e8cbb28 100644
--- a/docs/ccommon_api.md
+++ b/docs/ccommon_api.md
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ int main()
 #define i_key int
 #include <stc/csset.h>
 ...
-c_emplace(csset_x, set, {23, 3, 7, 5, 12});
+c_apply(csset_x, insert, &set, {23, 3, 7, 5, 12});
 c_foreach (i, csset_x, set)
     printf(" %d", *i.ref);
 // 3 5 7 12 23
@@ -122,11 +122,11 @@ c_forrange (i, int, 30, 0, -5) printf(" %d", i);
 // 30 25 20 15 10 5
 ```
 
-### c_var, c_emplace
-**c_var** declares and initializes any container with an array of elements. **c_emplace** adds elements to any existing container:
+### c_apply, c_apply_pair
+**c_apply** will apply a method on an existing container with the given array elements:
 ```c
-c_var (cvec_i, vec, {1, 2, 3});     // declare and emplace
-c_emplace(cvec_i, vec, {4, 5, 6});  // adds to existing vec
+c_apply (cvec_i, push_back, &vec, {1, 2, 3});   // apply multiple push_backs
+c_apply_pair(cmap_i, insert, &map, { {4, 5}, {6, 7} });  // inserts to existing map
 ```
 
 ### c_new, c_new_n, c_del, c_make
diff --git a/docs/cdeq_api.md b/docs/cdeq_api.md
index ea6f176e..bacb2f86 100644
--- a/docs/cdeq_api.md
+++ b/docs/cdeq_api.md
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ int main() {
         printf(" %d", *i.ref);
     puts("");
 
-    c_emplace(cdeq_i, q, {1, 4, 5, 22, 33, 2});
+    c_apply(cdeq_i, push_back, &q, {1, 4, 5, 22, 33, 2});
     c_foreach (i, cdeq_i, q)
         printf(" %d", *i.ref);
     puts("");
diff --git a/docs/clist_api.md b/docs/clist_api.md
index d6be8bfc..e1b8f0b1 100644
--- a/docs/clist_api.md
+++ b/docs/clist_api.md
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ void                clist_X_pop_front(clist_X* self);
 
 void                clist_X_push_back(clist_X* self, i_val value);                          // note: no pop_back().
 void                clist_X_emplace_back(clist_X* self, i_valraw raw);
-void                clist_X_emplace_items(clist_X *self, const clist_X_rawvalue_t arr[], size_t n);
 
 clist_X_iter_t      clist_X_insert(clist_X* self, clist_X_iter_t it, i_val value);          // return iter to new elem
 clist_X_iter_t      clist_X_emplace(clist_X* self, clist_X_iter_t it, i_valraw raw);
@@ -103,7 +102,8 @@ Interleave *push_front()* / *push_back()* then *sort()*:
 #include <stdio.h>
 
 int main() {
-    c_var (clist_d, list, {
+    clist_d list = clist_d_init();
+    c_apply(clist_d, push_back, &list, {
         10.0, 20.0, 30.0, 40.0, 50.0, 60.0, 70.0, 80.0, 90.0
     });
 
@@ -143,7 +143,8 @@ Use of *erase_at()* and *erase_range()*:
 
 int main ()
 {
-    c_var (clist_i, L, {10, 20, 30, 40, 50});
+    clist_i L = clist_i_init();
+    c_apply(clist_i, push_back, &L, {10, 20, 30, 40, 50});
                                                  // 10 20 30 40 50
     clist_i_iter_t it = clist_i_begin(&L);       // ^
     clist_i_next(&it); 
@@ -178,8 +179,8 @@ Splice `[30, 40]` from *L2* into *L1* before `3`:
 int main() {
     c_auto (clist_i, L1, L2)
     {
-        c_emplace(clist_i, L1, {1, 2, 3, 4, 5});
-        c_emplace(clist_i, L2, {10, 20, 30, 40, 50});
+        c_apply(clist_i, push_back, &L1, {1, 2, 3, 4, 5});
+        c_apply(clist_i, push_back, &L2, {10, 20, 30, 40, 50});
 
         clist_i_iter_t i = clist_i_advance(clist_i_begin(&L1), 2);
         clist_i_iter_t j1 = clist_i_advance(clist_i_begin(&L2), 2), j2 = clist_i_advance(j1, 2);
diff --git a/docs/cmap_api.md b/docs/cmap_api.md
index 401e3cec..08f551e6 100644
--- a/docs/cmap_api.md
+++ b/docs/cmap_api.md
@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@ cmap_X_result_t     cmap_X_put(cmap_X* self, i_key key, i_val mapped);
 
 cmap_X_result_t     cmap_X_emplace(cmap_X* self, i_keyraw rkey, i_valraw rmapped);            // no change if rkey in map
 cmap_X_result_t     cmap_X_emplace_or_assign(cmap_X* self, i_keyraw rkey, i_valraw rmapped);  // always update rmapped
-void                cmap_X_emplace_items(cmap_X* self, const cmap_X_rawvalue_t arr[], size_t n);
 
 size_t              cmap_X_erase(cmap_X* self, i_keyraw rkey);                                // return 0 or 1
 cmap_X_iter_t       cmap_X_erase_at(cmap_X* self, cmap_X_iter_t it);                          // return iter after it
@@ -124,7 +123,8 @@ void                c_default_del(Type* val);                               // d
 int main()
 {
     // Create an unordered_map of three strings (that map to strings)
-    c_var (cmap_str, u, {
+    cmap_str u = cmap_str_init();
+    c_apply_pair(cmap_str, emplace, &u, {
         {"RED", "#FF0000"},
         {"GREEN", "#00FF00"},
         {"BLUE", "#0000FF"}
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ int main()
     uint32_t col = 0xcc7744ff;
 
     cmap_id idnames = cmap_id_init();
-    c_emplace(cmap_id, idnames, { {100, "Red"}, {110, "Blue"} });
+    c_apply_pair(cmap_id, emplace, &idnames, { {100, "Red"}, {110, "Blue"} });
     
     /* replace existing mapped value: */
     cmap_id_emplace_or_assign(&idnames, 110, "White");
diff --git a/docs/cpque_api.md b/docs/cpque_api.md
index 0a4f7412..3b940648 100644
--- a/docs/cpque_api.md
+++ b/docs/cpque_api.md
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ const cpque_X_value_t*  cpque_X_top(const cpque_X* self);
 
 void                    cpque_X_push(cpque_X* self, cpque_X_value_t value);
 void                    cpque_X_emplace(cpque_X* self, cpque_X_rawvalue_t raw);
-void                    cpque_X_emplace_items(cpque_X *self, const cpque_X_rawvalue_t arr[], size_t n);
 
 void                    cpque_X_pop(cpque_X* self);
 void                    cpque_X_erase_at(cpque_X* self, size_t idx);
@@ -74,7 +73,7 @@ int main()
         // Push ten million random numbers to priority queue, plus some negative ones.
         c_forrange (N)
             cpque_i_push(&heap, stc64_uniform(&rng, &dist));
-        c_emplace(cpque_i, heap, {-231, -32, -873, -4, -343});
+        c_apply(cpque_i, push, &heap, {-231, -32, -873, -4, -343});
 
         // Extract and display the fifty smallest.
         c_forrange (50) {
diff --git a/docs/cqueue_api.md b/docs/cqueue_api.md
index c6db0411..d5843614 100644
--- a/docs/cqueue_api.md
+++ b/docs/cqueue_api.md
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ cqueue_X_value_t*       cqueue_X_back(const cqueue_X* self);
 
 void                    cqueue_X_push(cqueue_X* self, cqueue_X_value_t value);
 void                    cqueue_X_emplace(cqueue_X* self, cqueue_X_rawvalue_t raw);
-void                    cqueue_X_emplace_items(cqueue_X *self, const cqueue_X_rawvalue_t arr[], size_t n);
 
 void                    cqueue_X_pop(cqueue_X* self);
 
diff --git a/docs/cset_api.md b/docs/cset_api.md
index 22e65a5e..d6c4ab80 100644
--- a/docs/cset_api.md
+++ b/docs/cset_api.md
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ cset_X_iter_t       cset_X_find(const cset_X* self, i_keyraw rkey);
 

 cset_X_result_t     cset_X_insert(cset_X* self, i_key key);

 cset_X_result_t     cset_X_emplace(cset_X* self, i_keyraw rkey);

-void                cset_X_emplace_items(cset_X* self, const i_keyraw arr[], size_t n);

 

 size_t              cset_X_erase(cset_X* self, i_keyraw rkey);                               // return 0 or 1

 cset_X_iter_t       cset_X_erase_at(cset_X* self, cset_X_iter_t it);                         // return iter after it

@@ -80,29 +79,28 @@ cset_X_value_t      cset_X_value_clone(cset_X_value_t val);
 

 int main ()

 {

-    cset_str first = cset_str_init(); // empty

-    c_var (cset_str, second, {"red", "green", "blue"});

-    c_var (cset_str, third, {"orange", "pink", "yellow"});

-

-    cset_str fourth = cset_str_init();

-    cset_str_emplace(&fourth, "potatoes");

-    cset_str_emplace(&fourth, "milk");

-    cset_str_emplace(&fourth, "flour");

-

-    cset_str fifth = cset_str_clone(second);

-    c_foreach (i, cset_str, third)

-        cset_str_emplace(&fifth, i.ref->str);

-    c_foreach (i, cset_str, fourth)

-        cset_str_emplace(&fifth, i.ref->str);

-

-    c_del(cset_str, &first, &second, &third, &fourth);

-

-    printf("fifth contains:\n\n");

-    c_foreach (i, cset_str, fifth)

-        printf("%s\n", i.ref->str);

-

-    cset_str_del(&fifth);

-    return 0;

+    c_auto (cset_str, fifth)

+    {

+        c_auto (cset_str, first, second)

+        c_auto (cset_str, third, fourth)

+        {

+            c_apply(cset_str, emplace, &second, {"red", "green", "blue"});

+            c_apply(cset_str, emplace, &third, {"orange", "pink", "yellow"});

+

+            cset_str_emplace(&fourth, "potatoes");

+            cset_str_emplace(&fourth, "milk");

+            cset_str_emplace(&fourth, "flour");

+

+            fifth = cset_str_clone(second);

+            c_foreach (i, cset_str, third)

+                cset_str_emplace(&fifth, i.ref->str);

+            c_foreach (i, cset_str, fourth)

+                cset_str_emplace(&fifth, i.ref->str);

+        }

+        printf("fifth contains:\n\n");

+        c_foreach (i, cset_str, fifth)

+            printf("%s\n", i.ref->str);

+    }

 }

 ```

 Output:

diff --git a/docs/csmap_api.md b/docs/csmap_api.md
index 1a7ed78c..c6adcea9 100644
--- a/docs/csmap_api.md
+++ b/docs/csmap_api.md
@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ csmap_X_result_t    csmap_X_put(csmap_X* self, i_key key, i_val mapped);
 
 csmap_X_result_t    csmap_X_emplace(csmap_X* self, i_keyraw rkey, i_valraw rmapped);             // no change if rkey in map
 csmap_X_result_t    csmap_X_emplace_or_assign(csmap_X* self, i_keyraw rkey, i_valraw rmapped);   // always update rmapped
-void                csmap_X_emplace_items(csmap_X* self, const csmap_X_rawvalue_t arr[], size_t n);
 
 size_t              csmap_X_erase(csmap_X* self, i_keyraw rkey);
 csmap_X_iter_t      csmap_X_erase_at(csmap_X* self, csmap_X_iter_t it);                          // returns iter after it
@@ -96,7 +95,8 @@ csmap_X_rawvalue_t  csmap_X_value_toraw(csmap_X_value_t* pval);
 int main()
 {
     // Create an unordered_map of three strings (maps to string)
-    c_var (csmap_str, colors, {
+    csmap_str, colors = csmap_str_init();
+    c_apply(csmap_str, emplace, &colors, {
         {"RED", "#FF0000"},
         {"GREEN", "#00FF00"},
         {"BLUE", "#0000FF"}
@@ -140,7 +140,8 @@ This example uses a csmap with cstr as mapped value.
 int main()
 {
     uint32_t col = 0xcc7744ff;
-    c_var (csmap_id, idnames, {
+    csmap_id idnames = csmap_id_init();
+    c_apply(csmap_id, push_back, &idnames, {
         {100, "Red"},
         {110, "Blue"},
     });
diff --git a/docs/csset_api.md b/docs/csset_api.md
index 2d6c6486..f7cf0dc4 100644
--- a/docs/csset_api.md
+++ b/docs/csset_api.md
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ csset_X_value_t*    csset_X_find_it(const csset_X* self, i_keyraw rkey, csset_X_
 

 csset_X_result_t    csset_X_insert(csset_X* self, i_key key);

 csset_X_result_t    csset_X_emplace(csset_X* self, i_keyraw rkey);

-void                csset_X_emplace_items(csset_X* self, const i_keyraw arr[], size_t n);

 

 size_t              csset_X_erase(csset_X* self, i_keyraw rkey);

 csset_X_iter_t      csset_X_erase_at(csset_X* self, csset_X_iter_t it);                         // return iter after it

@@ -75,29 +74,28 @@ csset_X_value_t     csset_X_value_clone(csset_X_value_t val);
 

 int main ()

 {

-    csset_str first = csset_str_init(); // empty

-    c_var (csset_str, second, {"red", "green", "blue"});

-    c_var (csset_str, third, {"orange", "pink", "yellow"});

-

-    csset_str fourth = csset_str_init();

-    csset_str_emplace(&fourth, "potatoes");

-    csset_str_emplace(&fourth, "milk");

-    csset_str_emplace(&fourth, "flour");

-

-    csset_str fifth = csset_str_clone(second);

-    c_foreach (i, csset_str, third)

-        csset_str_emplace(&fifth, i.ref->str);

-    c_foreach (i, csset_str, fourth)

-        csset_str_emplace(&fifth, i.ref->str);

-

-    c_del(csset_str, &first, &second, &third, &fourth);

-

-    printf("fifth contains:\n\n");

-    c_foreach (i, csset_str, fifth)

-        printf("%s\n", i.ref->str);

-

-    csset_str_del(&fifth);

-    return 0;

+c_auto (csset_str, fifth)

+    {

+        c_auto (csset_str, first, second)

+        c_auto (csset_str, third, fourth)

+        {

+            c_apply(csset_str, emplace, &second, {"red", "green", "blue"});

+            c_apply(csset_str, emplace, &third, {"orange", "pink", "yellow"});

+

+            csset_str_emplace(&fourth, "potatoes");

+            csset_str_emplace(&fourth, "milk");

+            csset_str_emplace(&fourth, "flour");

+

+            fifth = csset_str_clone(second);

+            c_foreach (i, csset_str, third)

+                csset_str_emplace(&fifth, i.ref->str);

+            c_foreach (i, csset_str, fourth)

+                csset_str_emplace(&fifth, i.ref->str);

+        }

+        printf("fifth contains:\n\n");

+        c_foreach (i, csset_str, fifth)

+            printf("%s\n", i.ref->str);

+    }

 }

 ```

 Output:

diff --git a/docs/cstack_api.md b/docs/cstack_api.md
index cd230508..79b515c6 100644
--- a/docs/cstack_api.md
+++ b/docs/cstack_api.md
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ cstack_X_value_t*       cstack_X_top(const cstack_X* self);
 
 void                    cstack_X_push(cstack_X* self, cstack_X_value_t value);
 void                    cstack_X_emplace(cstack_X* self, cstack_X_rawvalue_t raw);
-void                    cstack_X_emplace_items(cstack_X *self, const cstack_X_rawvalue_t arr[], size_t n);
 
 void                    cstack_X_pop(cstack_X* self);
 
diff --git a/docs/cvec_api.md b/docs/cvec_api.md
index 3b1ff265..ee02950f 100644
--- a/docs/cvec_api.md
+++ b/docs/cvec_api.md
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ int main()
     cvec_i_push_back(&vec, 13);
 
     // Append a set of numbers
-    c_emplace(cvec_i, vec, {7, 5, 16, 8});
+    c_apply(cvec_i, push_back, &vec, {7, 5, 16, 8});
 
     printf("initial:");
     c_foreach (k, cvec_i, vec) {
diff --git a/examples/advanced.c b/examples/advanced.c
index 9ec73aa7..70aef8e8 100644
--- a/examples/advanced.c
+++ b/examples/advanced.c
@@ -48,10 +48,10 @@ static inline VikingRaw viking_toRaw(const Viking* vk) {
 int main()
 {
     c_autovar (cmap_vk vikings = cmap_vk_init(), cmap_vk_del(&vikings)) {
-        c_emplace(cmap_vk, vikings, {
-            { {"Einar", "Norway"}, 20},
-            { {"Olaf", "Denmark"}, 24},
-            { {"Harald", "Iceland"}, 12},
+        c_apply_pair(cmap_vk, emplace, &vikings, {
+            {{"Einar", "Norway"}, 20},
+            {{"Olaf", "Denmark"}, 24},
+            {{"Harald", "Iceland"}, 12},
         });
         VikingRaw bjorn = {"Bjorn", "Sweden"};
         cmap_vk_emplace_or_assign(&vikings, bjorn, 10);
diff --git a/examples/cpque.c b/examples/cpque.c
index 15bc2daa..17447341 100644
--- a/examples/cpque.c
+++ b/examples/cpque.c
@@ -42,16 +42,15 @@ int main()
     {

         c_forrange (n, c_arraylen(data))

             cpque_imax_push(&q, n);

-

         print_cpque_imax(q);

 

-        cpque_imin_emplace_items(&q2, data, c_arraylen(data));

+        c_forrange (i, c_arraylen(data))

+            cpque_imin_push(&q2, data[i]);

         print_cpque_imin(q2);

 

         // Using imix_less to compare elements.

         c_forrange (n, c_arraylen(data))

             cpque_imix_push(&q3, n);

-

         print_cpque_imix(q3);

     }

 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/csmap_erase.c b/examples/csmap_erase.c
index c8ecb5b1..66b45185 100644
--- a/examples/csmap_erase.c
+++ b/examples/csmap_erase.c
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ int main()
 
     c_auto (csmap_my, m2)
     {
-        // Fill in some data to test with, one at a time, using c_emplace()
-        c_emplace(csmap_my, m2, {
+        // Fill in some data to test with, one at a time, using c_apply_pair()
+        c_apply_pair(csmap_my, emplace, &m2, {
             {10, "Bob"},
             {11, "Rob"},
             {12, "Robert"},
diff --git a/examples/csmap_find.c b/examples/csmap_find.c
index 55f7c23f..1b3320c9 100644
--- a/examples/csmap_find.c
+++ b/examples/csmap_find.c
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ int main()
     c_auto (csmap_istr, m1)
     c_auto (cvec_istr, v)
     {
-        c_emplace(csmap_istr, m1, { { 40, "Zr" }, { 45, "Rh" } });
+        c_apply_pair(csmap_istr, emplace, &m1, {{40, "Zr"}, {45, "Rh"}});
         puts("The starting map m1 is (key, value):");
         print_collection_csmap_istr(m1);
 
diff --git a/examples/csmap_insert.c b/examples/csmap_insert.c
index 1bb47697..ede1e5f0 100644
--- a/examples/csmap_insert.c
+++ b/examples/csmap_insert.c
@@ -74,10 +74,10 @@ int main()
         c_foreach (e, cvec_ii, v) printf("(%d, %d) ", e.ref->first, e.ref->second);

         puts("");

 

-        csmap_ii_emplace_items(&m2, v.data, cvec_ii_size(v));

+        c_foreach (e, cvec_ii, v) csmap_ii_put(&m2, e.ref->first, e.ref->second);

 

         puts("The modified key and mapped values of m2 are:");

-        c_foreach (e, cvec_ii, v) printf("(%d, %d) ", e.ref->first, e.ref->second);

+        c_foreach (e, csmap_ii, m2) printf("(%d, %d) ", e.ref->first, e.ref->second);

         puts("\n");

     }

 

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ int main()
 

     c_auto (csmap_ii, m4) {

         // Insert the elements from an initializer_list

-        c_emplace(csmap_ii, m4, { { 4, 44 }, { 2, 22 }, { 3, 33 }, { 1, 11 }, { 5, 55 } });

+        c_apply_pair(csmap_ii, insert, &m4, { { 4, 44 }, { 2, 22 }, { 3, 33 }, { 1, 11 }, { 5, 55 } });

         puts("After initializer_list insertion, m4 contains:");

         print_ii(m4);

         puts("");

diff --git a/examples/csset_erase.c b/examples/csset_erase.c
index c32bf70c..df9b3d54 100644
--- a/examples/csset_erase.c
+++ b/examples/csset_erase.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ int main()
 {

     c_auto (csset_int, set)

     {

-        c_emplace(csset_int, set, {30, 20, 80, 40, 60, 90, 10, 70, 50});

+        c_apply(csset_int, insert, &set, {30, 20, 80, 40, 60, 90, 10, 70, 50});

         c_foreach (k, csset_int, set)

             printf(" %d", *k.ref);

         puts("");

diff --git a/examples/inits.c b/examples/inits.c
index 64d1e970..47d01dac 100644
--- a/examples/inits.c
+++ b/examples/inits.c
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ int main(void)
         // CVEC PRIORITY QUEUE

 

         cpque_f_make_heap(&floats);

-        c_emplace(cpque_f, floats, {40.0f, 20.0f, 50.0f, 30.0f, 10.0f});

+        c_apply(cpque_f, push, &floats, {40.0f, 20.0f, 50.0f, 30.0f, 10.0f});

 

         puts("\npop and show high priorites first:");

         while (! cpque_f_empty(floats)) {

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ int main(void)
     // CMAP CNT

 

     c_auto (cmap_cnt, countries) {

-        c_emplace(cmap_cnt, countries, {

+        c_apply_pair(cmap_cnt, emplace, &countries, {

             {"Norway", 100},

             {"Denmark", 50},

             {"Iceland", 10},

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ int main(void)
     // CVEC PAIR

 

     c_auto (cvec_ip, pairs1) {

-        c_emplace (cvec_ip, pairs1, {{5, 6}, {3, 4}, {1, 2}, {7, 8}});

+        c_apply(cvec_ip, push_back, &pairs1, {{5, 6}, {3, 4}, {1, 2}, {7, 8}});

         cvec_ip_sort(&pairs1);

 

         c_foreach (i, cvec_ip, pairs1)

@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ int main(void)
     // CLIST PAIR

 

     c_auto (clist_ip, pairs2) {

-        c_emplace(clist_ip, pairs2, {{5, 6}, {3, 4}, {1, 2}, {7, 8}});

+        c_apply(clist_ip, push_back, &pairs2, {{5, 6}, {3, 4}, {1, 2}, {7, 8}});

         clist_ip_sort(&pairs2);

 

         c_foreach (i, clist_ip, pairs2)

diff --git a/examples/list.c b/examples/list.c
index ab5c70e2..94ee091f 100644
--- a/examples/list.c
+++ b/examples/list.c
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ int main() {
         puts("");

 

         clist_fx_clear(&list);

-        c_emplace(clist_fx, list, {10, 20, 30, 40, 30, 50});

+        c_apply(clist_fx, push_back, &list, {10, 20, 30, 40, 30, 50});

         c_foreach (i, clist_fx, list) printf(" %g", *i.ref);

         puts("");

 

diff --git a/examples/list_erase.c b/examples/list_erase.c
index 9a3df2f6..db05fb42 100644
--- a/examples/list_erase.c
+++ b/examples/list_erase.c
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ int main ()
 {

     c_autovar (clist_i L = clist_i_init(), clist_i_del(&L))

     {

-        c_emplace(clist_i, L, {10, 20, 30, 40, 50});

+        c_apply(clist_i, push_back, &L, {10, 20, 30, 40, 50});

                                                     // 10 20 30 40 50

         clist_i_iter_t it = clist_i_begin(&L);      // ^

         clist_i_next(&it);

diff --git a/examples/list_splice.c b/examples/list_splice.c
index 997c1cc3..425a344a 100644
--- a/examples/list_splice.c
+++ b/examples/list_splice.c
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ int main ()
 {
     c_auto (clist_i, list1, list2)
     {
-        c_emplace(clist_i, list1, {1, 2, 3, 4, 5});
-        c_emplace(clist_i, list2, {10, 20, 30, 40, 50});
+        c_apply(clist_i, push_back, &list1, {1, 2, 3, 4, 5});
+        c_apply(clist_i, push_back, &list2, {10, 20, 30, 40, 50});
         print_ilist("list1:", list1);
         print_ilist("list2:", list2);
 
diff --git a/examples/phonebook.c b/examples/phonebook.c
index b7d3faba..640aaec3 100644
--- a/examples/phonebook.c
+++ b/examples/phonebook.c
@@ -42,14 +42,14 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
     c_static_assert(sizeof argc == 4);

 

     c_auto (cset_str, names) {

-        c_emplace (cset_str, names, {"Hello", "Cool", "True"});

+        c_apply(cset_str, emplace, &names, {"Hello", "Cool", "True"});

         c_foreach (i, cset_str, names) printf("%s ", i.ref->str);

         puts("");

     }

 

     bool erased;

     c_auto (cmap_str, phone_book) {

-        c_emplace (cmap_str, phone_book, {

+        c_apply_pair (cmap_str, emplace, &phone_book, {

             {"Lilia Friedman", "(892) 670-4739"},

             {"Tariq Beltran", "(489) 600-7575"},

             {"Laiba Juarez", "(303) 885-5692"},

diff --git a/examples/priority.c b/examples/priority.c
index 8ca02409..03bd1a03 100644
--- a/examples/priority.c
+++ b/examples/priority.c
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ int main() {
             cpque_i_push(&heap, stc64_uniform(&rng, &dist));

 

         // push some negative numbers too.

-        c_emplace(cpque_i, heap, {-231, -32, -873, -4, -343});

+        c_apply(cpque_i, push, &heap, {-231, -32, -873, -4, -343});

 

         c_forrange (N)

             cpque_i_push(&heap, stc64_uniform(&rng, &dist));

diff --git a/examples/words.c b/examples/words.c
index 7ab6d026..87327d71 100644
--- a/examples/words.c
+++ b/examples/words.c
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ int main1()
     c_auto (cvec_str, words)
     c_auto (cmap_strn, word_map)
     {
-        c_emplace (cvec_str, words, {
+        c_apply(cvec_str, emplace_back, &words, {
             "this", "sentence", "is", "not", "a", "sentence",
             "this", "sentence", "is", "a", "hoax"
         });
diff --git a/include/stc/ccommon.h b/include/stc/ccommon.h
index 69afb2bd..2a1bea72 100644
--- a/include/stc/ccommon.h
+++ b/include/stc/ccommon.h
@@ -156,12 +156,18 @@ STC_API uint64_t c_default_hash(const void *key, size_t len);
          *b = (n)*sizeof *b > (BYTES) ? c_new_n(type, n) : _c_b \

          ; b; b != _c_b ? c_free(b) : (void)0, b = NULL)

 

-#define c_var(CX, c, ...) \

-    CX c = CX##_init(); c_emplace(CX, c, __VA_ARGS__)

+#define c_apply(CX, method, cx, ...) do { \

+    const CX##_rawvalue_t _c_arr[] = __VA_ARGS__; \

+    CX* _c_cx = (cx); \

+    for (size_t _c_i = 0; _c_i < c_arraylen(_c_arr); ++_c_i) \

+        CX##_##method(_c_cx, _c_arr[_c_i]); \

+} while (0)

 

-#define c_emplace(CX, cx, ...) do { \

+#define c_apply_pair(CX, method, cx, ...) do { \

     const CX##_rawvalue_t _c_arr[] = __VA_ARGS__; \

-    CX##_emplace_items(&(cx), _c_arr, c_arraylen(_c_arr)); \

+    CX* _c_cx = (cx); \

+    for (size_t _c_i = 0; _c_i < c_arraylen(_c_arr); ++_c_i) \

+        CX##_##method(_c_cx, _c_arr[_c_i].first, _c_arr[_c_i].second); \

 } while (0)

 

 #define c_del(CX, ...) do { \

diff --git a/include/stc/cdeq.h b/include/stc/cdeq.h
index 5dec0f3c..41f8cea8 100644
--- a/include/stc/cdeq.h
+++ b/include/stc/cdeq.h
@@ -99,12 +99,6 @@ cx_memb(_shrink_to_fit)(Self *self) {
     cx_memb(_del)(self); *self = cx;

 }

 

-STC_INLINE void

-cx_memb(_emplace_items)(Self *self, const cx_rawvalue_t arr[], size_t n) {

-    for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i)

-        cx_memb(_push_back)(self, i_valfrom(arr[i]));

-}

-

 #ifndef i_queue

 

 STC_INLINE cx_value_t* cx_memb(_emplace_front)(Self* self, i_valraw raw) {

diff --git a/include/stc/clist.h b/include/stc/clist.h
index e123200f..7678b540 100644
--- a/include/stc/clist.h
+++ b/include/stc/clist.h
@@ -98,7 +98,6 @@ STC_API void            cx_memb(_del)(Self* self);
 STC_API cx_value_t*     cx_memb(_push_back)(Self* self, i_val value);

 STC_API cx_value_t*     cx_memb(_push_front)(Self* self, i_val value);

 STC_API cx_iter_t       cx_memb(_insert)(Self* self, cx_iter_t it, i_val value);

-STC_API void            cx_memb(_emplace_items)(Self *self, const cx_rawvalue_t arr[], size_t n);

 STC_API cx_iter_t       cx_memb(_erase_at)(Self* self, cx_iter_t it);

 STC_API cx_iter_t       cx_memb(_erase_range)(Self* self, cx_iter_t it1, cx_iter_t it2);

 STC_API size_t          cx_memb(_remove)(Self* self, i_valraw val);

@@ -209,11 +208,6 @@ cx_memb(_push_front)(Self* self, i_val value) {
     return &entry->value;

 }

 

-STC_DEF void

-cx_memb(_emplace_items)(Self *self, const cx_rawvalue_t arr[], size_t n) {

-    for (size_t i=0; i<n; ++i) cx_memb(_push_back)(self, i_valfrom(arr[i]));

-}

-

 STC_DEF cx_iter_t

 cx_memb(_insert)(Self* self, cx_iter_t it, i_val value) {

     cx_node_t* node = it.ref ? it.prev : self->last;

diff --git a/include/stc/cmap.h b/include/stc/cmap.h
index 763764b7..5a55c3df 100644
--- a/include/stc/cmap.h
+++ b/include/stc/cmap.h
@@ -152,12 +152,6 @@ cx_memb(_emplace)(Self* self, i_keyraw rkey cx_MAP_ONLY(, i_valraw rmapped)) {
     return _res;

 }

 

-STC_INLINE void

-cx_memb(_emplace_items)(Self* self, const cx_rawvalue_t arr[], size_t n) {

-    for (size_t i=0; i<n; ++i) cx_SET_ONLY( cx_memb(_emplace)(self, arr[i]); )

-                               cx_MAP_ONLY( cx_memb(_emplace)(self, arr[i].first, arr[i].second); )

-}

-

 STC_INLINE cx_result_t

 cx_memb(_insert)(Self* self, i_key _key cx_MAP_ONLY(, i_val _mapped)) {

     cx_result_t _res = cx_memb(_insert_entry_)(self, i_keyto(&_key));

diff --git a/include/stc/cpque.h b/include/stc/cpque.h
index 6819948f..7a81d486 100644
--- a/include/stc/cpque.h
+++ b/include/stc/cpque.h
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ typedef i_valraw cx_rawvalue_t;
 STC_API void cx_memb(_make_heap)(Self* self);

 STC_API void cx_memb(_erase_at)(Self* self, size_t idx);

 STC_API void cx_memb(_push)(Self* self, cx_value_t value);

-STC_API void cx_memb(_emplace_items)(Self *self, const cx_rawvalue_t arr[], size_t n);

 STC_API Self cx_memb(_clone)(Self q);

 

 STC_INLINE Self cx_memb(_init)(void)

@@ -152,12 +151,6 @@ cx_memb(_push)(Self* self, cx_value_t value) {
     if (c != n) arr[c] = value;

 }

 

-STC_DEF void

-cx_memb(_emplace_items)(Self *self, const cx_rawvalue_t arr[], size_t n) {

-    for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i)

-        cx_memb(_push)(self, i_valfrom(arr[i]));

-}

-

 #endif

 #include "template.h"

 #define CPQUE_H_INCLUDED
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/include/stc/csmap.h b/include/stc/csmap.h
index 204a6bb3..8a172ad4 100644
--- a/include/stc/csmap.h
+++ b/include/stc/csmap.h
@@ -178,12 +178,6 @@ cx_memb(_emplace)(Self* self, i_keyraw rkey cx_MAP_ONLY(, i_valraw rmapped)) {
     return res;

 }

 

-STC_INLINE void

-cx_memb(_emplace_items)(Self* self, const cx_rawvalue_t arr[], size_t n) {

-    for (size_t i=0; i<n; ++i) cx_SET_ONLY( cx_memb(_emplace)(self, arr[i]); )

-                               cx_MAP_ONLY( cx_memb(_emplace)(self, arr[i].first, arr[i].second); )

-}

-

 STC_INLINE cx_result_t

 cx_memb(_insert)(Self* self, i_key key cx_MAP_ONLY(, i_val mapped)) {

     cx_result_t res = cx_memb(_insert_entry_)(self, i_keyto(&key));

diff --git a/include/stc/cstack.h b/include/stc/cstack.h
index 7543fb4f..2aaff4d9 100644
--- a/include/stc/cstack.h
+++ b/include/stc/cstack.h
@@ -91,9 +91,6 @@ STC_INLINE void cx_memb(_copy)(Self *self, Self other) {
     cx_memb(_del)(self); *self = cx_memb(_clone)(other);

 }

 

-STC_INLINE void cx_memb(_emplace_items)(Self *self, const cx_rawvalue_t arr[], size_t n)

-    { for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i) cx_memb(_push)(self, i_valfrom(arr[i])); }

-

 STC_INLINE i_val cx_memb(_value_clone)(cx_value_t val)

     { return i_valfrom(i_valto(&val)); }

 

diff --git a/include/stc/cvec.h b/include/stc/cvec.h
index 3dc7b4c1..d7f74fe9 100644
--- a/include/stc/cvec.h
+++ b/include/stc/cvec.h
@@ -172,11 +172,6 @@ STC_INLINE cx_iter_t
 cx_memb(_emplace_range)(Self* self, cx_iter_t it, cx_iter_t it1, cx_iter_t it2) {

     return cx_memb(_insert_range_p)(self, it.ref, it1.ref, it2.ref, true);

 }

-STC_INLINE void

-cx_memb(_emplace_items)(Self *self, const cx_rawvalue_t arr[], size_t n) {

-    cx_memb(_emplace_range_p)(self, self->data + cvec_rep_(self)->size, arr, arr + n);

-}

-

 STC_INLINE cx_iter_t

 cx_memb(_erase)(Self* self, size_t idx) {

     return cx_memb(_erase_range_p)(self, self->data + idx, self->data + idx + 1);