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# Container cvec: Vector
This describes the API of vector type **cvec**.
## Declaration
```c
#define using_cvec(X, Value, valueDestroy=c_default_del,
valueCompareRaw=c_default_compare,
RawValue=Value,
valueToRaw=c_default_to_raw,
valueFromRaw=c_default_from_raw)
#define using_cvec_str()
```
The macro `using_cvec()` can be instantiated with 2, 3, 4, or 7 arguments in the global scope.
Defaults values are given above for args not specified. `X` is a type tag name and
will affect the names of all cvec types and methods. E.g. declaring `using_cvec(my, int);`, `X` should
be replaced by `my` in all of the following documentation.
`using_cvec_str()` is a shorthand, expands to:
```
using_cvec(str, cstr_t, cstr_del, cstr_compare_raw, const char*, cstr_to_raw, cstr_from)
```
## Types
| Type name | Type definition | Used to represent... |
|:---------------------|:------------------------------------|:-----------------------|
| `cvec_X` | `struct { cvec_X_value_t* data; }` | The cvec type |
| `cvec_X_value_t` | `Value` | The cvec value type |
| `cvec_X_input_t` | `cvec_X_value_t` | The input type |
| `cvec_X_rawvalue_t` | `RawValue` | The raw value type |
| `cvec_X_iter_t` | `struct { cvec_X_value_t* val; }` | The iterator type |
## Constants and macros
| Name | Purpose |
|:---------------------------|:---------------------|
| `cvec_inits` | Initializer constant |
| `cvec_empty(vec)` | true if vec is empty |
| `cvec_size(vec)` | return vec length |
| `cvec_capacity(vec)` | return vec capacity |
## Header file
All cvec definitions and prototypes may be included in your C source file by including a single header file.
```c
#include "stc/cvec.h"
```
## Methods
```c
cvec_X cvec_X_init(void);
cvec_X cvec_X_with_size(size_t size, Value fill);
cvec_X cvec_X_with_capacity(size_t size);
cvec_X cvec_X_clone(cvec_X vec);
void cvec_X_clear(cvec_X* self);
void cvec_X_reserve(cvec_X* self, size_t cap);
void cvec_X_resize(cvec_X* self, size_t size, Value fill);
void cvec_X_swap(cvec_X* a, cvec_X* b);
void cvec_X_del(cvec_X* self);
bool cvec_X_empty(cvec_X vec);
size_t cvec_X_size(cvec_X vec);
size_t cvec_X_capacity(cvec_X vec);
Value cvec_X_value_from_raw(RawValue val);
cvec_X_value_t* cvec_X_at(cvec_X* self, size_t idx);
cvec_X_value_t* cvec_X_front(cvec_X* self);
cvec_X_value_t* cvec_X_back(cvec_X* self);
void cvec_X_push_n(cvec_X *self, const cvec_X_input_t arr[], size_t size);
void cvec_X_emplace_back(cvec_X* self, RawValue val);
void cvec_X_push_back(cvec_X* self, Value value);
void cvec_X_pop_back(cvec_X* self);
cvec_X_iter_t cvec_X_emplace(cvec_X* self, cvec_X_iter_t pos, RawValue val);
cvec_X_iter_t cvec_X_emplace_at(cvec_X* self, size_t idx, RawValue val);
cvec_X_iter_t cvec_X_insert(cvec_X* self, cvec_X_iter_t pos, Value value);
cvec_X_iter_t cvec_X_insert_at(cvec_X* self, size_t idx, Value value);
cvec_X_iter_t cvec_X_insert_range(cvec_X* self, cvec_X_iter_t pos,
cvec_X_iter_t first, cvec_X_iter_t finish);
cvec_X_iter_t cvec_X_insert_range_p(cvec_X* self, cvec_X_value_t* pos,
const cvec_X_value_t* pfirst, const cvec_X_value_t* pfinish);
cvec_X_iter_t cvec_X_erase(cvec_X* self, cvec_X_iter_t pos);
cvec_X_iter_t cvec_X_erase_n(cvec_X* self, size_t idx, size_t n);
cvec_X_iter_t cvec_X_erase_range(cvec_X* self, cvec_X_iter_t first, cvec_X_iter_t finish);
cvec_X_iter_t cvec_X_erase_range_p(cvec_X* self, cvec_X_value_t* pfirst, cvec_X_value_t* pfinish);
cvec_X_iter_t cvec_X_find(const cvec_X* self, RawValue val);
cvec_X_iter_t cvec_X_find_in_range(const cvec_X* self,
cvec_X_iter_t first, cvec_X_iter_t finish, RawValue val);
void cvec_X_sort(cvec_X* self);
void cvec_X_sort_with(cvec_X* self, size_t ifirst, size_t ifinish,
int(*cmp)(const cvec_X_value_t*, const cvec_X_value_t*));
cvec_X_iter_t cvec_X_begin(const cvec_X* self);
cvec_X_iter_t cvec_X_end(const cvec_X* self);
void cvec_X_next(cvec_X_iter_t* it);
cvec_X_value_t* cvec_X_itval(cvec_X_iter_t it);
size_t cvec_X_index(const cvec_X vec, cvec_X_iter_t it);
```
## Examples
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include "stc/cvec.h"
using_cvec(i, int);
int main()
{
// Create a vector containing integers
cvec_i vec = cvec_inits;
c_push_items(&vec, cvec_i, {7, 5, 16, 8});
// Add two more integers to vector
cvec_i_push_back(&vec, 25);
cvec_i_push_back(&vec, 13);
printf("initial: ");
c_foreach (n, cvec_i, vec) {
printf(" %d", *n.val);
}
// Sort the vector
cvec_i_sort(&vec);
printf("\nsorted: ");
c_foreach (n, cvec_i, vec) {
printf(" %d", *n.val);
}
cvec_i_del(&vec);
}
```
Output:
```
initial: 7 5 16 8 25 13
sorted: 5 7 8 13 16 25
```
### Example 2
```c
#include "stc/cstr.h"
#include "stc/cvec.h"
using_cvec_str();
int main() {
cvec_str names = cvec_str_init();
cvec_str_emplace_back(&names, "Mary");
cvec_str_emplace_back(&names, "Joe");
cstr_assign(&names.data[1], "Jake"); // replace "Joe".
cstr_t tmp = cstr_from_fmt("%d elements so far", cvec_str_size(names));
// emplace_back() will not compile if adding a new cstr_t type. Use push_back():
cvec_str_push_back(&names, tmp); // tmp is moved to names, do not del() it.
printf("%s\n", names.data[1].str); // Access the second element
c_foreach (i, cvec_str, names)
printf("item: %s\n", i.val->str);
cvec_str_del(&names);
}
```
Output:
```
Jake
item: Mary
item: Jake
item: 2 elements so far
```
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