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/* MIT License
*
* Copyright (c) 2020 Tyge Løvset, NORCE, www.norceresearch.no
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
* copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
* SOFTWARE.
*/
#ifndef COPTIONS__H__
#define COPTIONS__H__
/* Inspired by https://attractivechaos.wordpress.com/2018/08/31/a-survey-of-argument-parsing-libraries-in-c-c
Fixed major bugs with option arguments (both long and short).
Added arg->faulty output field, and has a more consistent API.
coption_get() is similar to GNU's getopt_long(). Each call parses one option and
returns the option name. opt->arg points to the option argument if present.
The function returns -1 when all command-line arguments are parsed. In this case,
opt->ind is the index of the first non-option argument.
Example:
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
coption_long_t longopts[] = {
{"foo", coption_no_argument, 'f'},
{"bar", coption_required_argument, 'b'},
{"opt", coption_optional_argument, 'o'},
{NULL}
};
const char* optstr = "xy:z::123";
printf("program -x -y ARG -z [ARG] -1 -2 -3 --foo --bar ARG --opt [ARG] [ARGUMENTS]\n");
int c;
coption_t opt = coption_INIT;
while ((c = coption_get(&opt, argc, argv, optstr, longopts)) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case '?': printf("error: unknown option: %s\n", opt.faulty); break;
case ':': printf("error: missing argument for %s\n", opt.faulty); break;
default: printf("option: %c [%s]\n", c, opt.arg ? opt.arg : ""); break;
}
}
printf("\nNon-option arguments:");
for (int i = opt.ind; i < argc; ++i)
printf(" %s", argv[i]);
putchar('\n');
return 0;
}
*/
#include <string.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
enum {
coption_no_argument = 0,
coption_required_argument = 1,
coption_optional_argument = 2
};
typedef struct {
int ind; /* equivalent to optind */
int opt; /* equivalent to optopt */
char *arg; /* equivalent to optarg */
char *faulty; /* points to the faulty option */
int longindex; /* idx of long option; or -1 if short */
int _i, _pos, _nargs;
char _faulty[4];
} coption_t;
typedef struct {
char *name;
int has_arg;
int val;
} coption_long_t;
static const coption_t coption_INIT = {1, 0, NULL, NULL, -1, 1, 0, 0, {'-', '?', '\0'}};
static void _coption_permute(char *argv[], int j, int n) { /* move argv[j] over n elements to the left */
int k;
char *p = argv[j];
for (k = 0; k < n; ++k)
argv[j - k] = argv[j - k - 1];
argv[j - k] = p;
}
/* @param opt output; must be initialized to coption_INIT on first call
* @return ASCII val for a short option; longopt.val for a long option;
* -1 if argv[] is fully processed; '?' for an unknown option or
* an ambiguous long option; ':' if an option argument is missing
*/
static int coption_get(coption_t *opt, int argc, char *argv[],
const char *shortopts, const coption_long_t *longopts) {
int optc = -1, i0, j, posixly_correct = (shortopts[0] == '+');
if (!posixly_correct) {
while (opt->_i < argc && (argv[opt->_i][0] != '-' || argv[opt->_i][1] == '\0'))
++opt->_i, ++opt->_nargs;
}
opt->arg = 0, opt->longindex = -1, i0 = opt->_i;
if (opt->_i >= argc || argv[opt->_i][0] != '-' || argv[opt->_i][1] == '\0') {
opt->ind = opt->_i - opt->_nargs;
return -1;
}
if (argv[opt->_i][0] == '-' && argv[opt->_i][1] == '-') { /* "--" or a long option */
if (argv[opt->_i][2] == '\0') { /* a bare "--" */
_coption_permute(argv, opt->_i, opt->_nargs);
++opt->_i, opt->ind = opt->_i - opt->_nargs;
return -1;
}
opt->opt = 0, optc = '?', opt->_pos = -1;
if (longopts) { /* parse long options */
int k, n_exact = 0, n_partial = 0;
const coption_long_t *o = 0, *o_exact = 0, *o_partial = 0;
for (j = 2; argv[opt->_i][j] != '\0' && argv[opt->_i][j] != '='; ++j) {} /* find the end of the option name */
for (k = 0; longopts[k].name != 0; ++k)
if (strncmp(&argv[opt->_i][2], longopts[k].name, j - 2) == 0) {
if (longopts[k].name[j - 2] == 0) ++n_exact, o_exact = &longopts[k];
else ++n_partial, o_partial = &longopts[k];
}
opt->faulty = argv[opt->_i];
if (n_exact > 1 || (n_exact == 0 && n_partial > 1)) return '?';
o = n_exact == 1? o_exact : n_partial == 1? o_partial : 0;
if (o) {
opt->opt = optc = o->val, opt->longindex = o - longopts;
if (o->has_arg != coption_no_argument) {
if (argv[opt->_i][j] == '=')
opt->arg = &argv[opt->_i][j + 1];
else if (argv[opt->_i][j] == '\0' && opt->_i < argc - 1 && (o->has_arg == coption_required_argument ||
argv[opt->_i + 1][0] != '-'))
opt->arg = argv[++opt->_i];
else if (o->has_arg == coption_required_argument)
optc = ':'; /* missing option argument */
}
}
}
} else { /* a short option */
const char *p;
if (opt->_pos == 0) opt->_pos = 1;
optc = opt->opt = argv[opt->_i][opt->_pos++];
opt->_faulty[1] = optc, opt->faulty = opt->_faulty;
p = strchr((char *) shortopts, optc);
if (p == 0) {
optc = '?'; /* unknown option */
} else if (p[1] == ':') {
if (argv[opt->_i][opt->_pos] != '\0')
opt->arg = &argv[opt->_i][opt->_pos];
else if (opt->_i < argc - 1 && (p[2] != ':' || argv[opt->_i + 1][0] != '-'))
opt->arg = argv[++opt->_i];
else if (p[2] != ':')
optc = ':';
opt->_pos = -1;
}
}
if (opt->_pos < 0 || argv[opt->_i][opt->_pos] == 0) {
++opt->_i, opt->_pos = 0;
if (opt->_nargs > 0) /* permute */
for (j = i0; j < opt->_i; ++j)
_coption_permute(argv, j, opt->_nargs);
}
opt->ind = opt->_i - opt->_nargs;
return optc;
}
#endif
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