added samples to public repo.

8 files changed, 489 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/01_commenting_code.txt b/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/01_commenting_code.txt
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+++ b/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/01_commenting_code.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# ====================================================================================
+# Commenting Code
+# ====================================================================================
+#
+# Prefixing text with a pound sign (#) is how you comment code in Ruby. Example:
+#
+# I am commented code. And so are the lines above.
+#
+# I you want more than a quick primer on Ruby, check out https://poignant.guide/. It's
+# an entertaining read. Otherwise, go to the next txt file.
+#
+# Follow along by visiting:
+# https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3.dragonruby.org/dragonruby-gtk-intermediate.mp4
diff --git a/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/02_printing_to_the_console.txt b/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/02_printing_to_the_console.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..54fbb5c
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+++ b/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/02_printing_to_the_console.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# ====================================================================================
+#  Printing to the Console:
+# ====================================================================================
+#
+# Every time you save repl.rb file, DragonRuby runs the code within it. Copy this text
+# to repl.rb and save to see Hello World printed to the console.
+
+puts ''
+puts ''
+puts '================================'
+puts 'Hello World'
+puts '================================'
+puts ''
+puts ''
diff --git a/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/03_types_and_assignments.txt b/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/03_types_and_assignments.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2617ae4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/03_types_and_assignments.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+# ====================================================================================
+#  Types and Assignments
+# ====================================================================================
+#
+# Here is how you define various data structures in Ruby. Same deal here. Take the text
+# in this file and paste it into repl.rb and save:
+
+puts ''
+puts ''
+puts '================================'
+puts ''
+
+# ====================================================================================
+#  Strings
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts '======== strings'
+message = "Hello World"
+puts "The value of message is: " + message
+puts "Any value can be interpolated within a string using \#{}."
+puts "Interpolated message: #{message}."
+puts 'This #{message} is not interpolated because the string uses single quotes.'
+puts ''
+
+# ====================================================================================
+#  Numerics
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts '======== ints and floats'
+a = 10
+puts "The value of a is: #{a}"
+puts "a + 1 is: #{a + 1}"
+puts "a / 3 is: #{a / 3}"
+puts ''
+
+b = 10.12
+puts "The value of b is: #{b}"
+puts "b + 1 is: #{b + 1}"
+puts "b as an integer is: #{b.to_i}"
+puts ''
+
+# ====================================================================================
+#  Booleans
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts '======== truthy / falsey values'
+puts "Anything that *isn't* false or nil is true."
+
+c = 30
+puts "The value of c is #{c}."
+
+if c
+  puts "This if statement ran because c is truthy."
+end
+
+d = false
+puts "The value if d is #{d}."
+
+if !d
+  puts "This if statement ran because d is falsey, using the not operator (!)."
+end
+
+e = nil
+
+puts "Nil is also considered falsey. The value of e is: #{e}."
+
+if !e
+  puts "This if statement ran because e is nil (a falsey value)."
+end
+
+puts ''
+puts '================================'
+puts ''
+puts ''
diff --git a/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/04_conditionals.txt b/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/04_conditionals.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6cf24f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/04_conditionals.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+# ====================================================================================
+#  Conditionals
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts ''
+puts ''
+puts '================================'
+puts ''
+
+i_am_true  = true
+i_am_nil   = nil
+i_am_false = false
+i_am_hi    = "hi"
+
+# ====================================================================================
+#  if
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts "======== if statement"
+i_am_one = 1
+if i_am_one
+  puts "This was printed because i_am_one is truthy."
+end
+
+# ====================================================================================
+#  if/else
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts "======== if/else statement"
+if i_am_false
+  puts "This will NOT get printed because i_am_false is false."
+else
+  puts "This was printed because i_am_false is false."
+end
+
+# ====================================================================================
+#  if/elsif/else
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts "======== if/elsif/else statement"
+if i_am_false
+  puts "This will NOT get printed because i_am_false is false."
+elsif i_am_true
+  puts "This was printed because i_am_true is true."
+else
+  puts "This will NOT get printed i_am_true was true."
+end
+
+# ====================================================================================
+#  case
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts "======== case statement "
+i_am_one = 1
+case i_am_one
+when 10
+  puts "10"
+when 9
+  puts "9"
+when 5
+  puts "5"
+when 1
+  puts "1"
+else
+  puts "Value wasn't cased."
+end
+
+# ====================================================================================
+#  comparison operators
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts "======== different types of comparisons"
+if 4 == 4
+  puts "equal"
+end
+
+if 4 != 3
+  puts "not equal"
+end
+
+if 3 < 4
+  puts "less than"
+end
+
+if 4 > 3
+  puts "greater than"
+end
+
+# ====================================================================================
+#  and/or conditionals
+# ====================================================================================
+
+if ((4 > 3) || (3 < 4) || false)
+  puts "or statement"
+end
+
+if ((4 > 3) && (3 < 4))
+  puts "and statement"
+end
+
+puts ''
+puts '================================'
+puts ''
+puts ''
diff --git a/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/05_looping.txt b/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/05_looping.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fafdcfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/05_looping.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# ====================================================================================
+#  Looping
+# ====================================================================================
+#
+# Looping looks a whole lot different than other languages.
+# But it's pretty awesome when you get used to it.
+
+puts ''
+puts ''
+puts '================================'
+puts ''
+
+# ====================================================================================
+#  times
+# ====================================================================================
+
+
+puts "times block:"
+3.times do |i|
+  puts i
+end
+puts ''
+
+
+# ====================================================================================
+#  ranges
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts "range block exclusive:"
+(0...3).each do |i|
+  puts i
+end
+puts ''
+
+puts "range block inclusive:"
+(0..3).each do |i|
+  puts i
+end
+puts ''
+
+# ====================================================================================
+#  Enumerables
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts 'array each'
+colors = ["red", "blue", "yellow"]
+colors.each do |color|
+  puts color
+end
+puts ''
+
+puts 'array each_with_index'
+colors = ["red", "blue", "yellow"]
+colors.each_with_index do |color, i|
+  puts "#{color} at index #{i}"
+end
+
+puts ''
+puts '================================'
+puts ''
+puts ''
diff --git a/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/06_functions.txt b/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/06_functions.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ee8da1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/06_functions.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# ====================================================================================
+# Functions
+# ====================================================================================
+
+# The last statement of a function is implictly returned. Parenthesis for functions
+# are optional as long as the statement can be envaluated disambiguously.
+
+puts ''
+puts ''
+puts '================================'
+puts ''
+
+# ====================================================================================
+# Functions single parameter
+# ====================================================================================
+
+def add_one_to n
+  n + 1
+end
+
+puts add_one_to(3)
+
+# ====================================================================================
+# Functions with default parameter values
+# ====================================================================================
+
+def function_with_default_value v = 10
+  v * 10
+end
+
+puts "passing three: #{function_with_default_value(3)}"
+puts "passing nil: #{function_with_default_value}"
+
+# ====================================================================================
+# Nil default parameter value and ||= operator.
+# ====================================================================================
+
+def function_with_nil_default_with_local a = nil
+  result   = a
+  result ||= "or equal operator was exected and set a default value"
+end
+
+puts "passing 'hi': #{function_with_nil_default_with_local 'hi'}"
+puts "passing nil: #{function_with_nil_default_with_local}"
+
+puts ''
+puts '================================'
+puts ''
+puts ''
diff --git a/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/07_powerful_arrays.txt b/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/07_powerful_arrays.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c7e2f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/07_powerful_arrays.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+# ====================================================================================
+# Arrays
+# ====================================================================================
+
+# Arrays are incredibly powerful in Ruby. Learn to use them well.
+
+puts ''
+puts ''
+puts '================================'
+puts ''
+
+# ====================================================================================
+# Enumerable ranges and .to_a
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts "Create an array with the numbers 1 to 10."
+one_to_ten = (1..10).to_a
+puts one_to_ten
+
+# ====================================================================================
+# Finding elements
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts "Create a new array that only contains even numbers from the previous array."
+evens = one_to_ten.find_all do |number|
+  number % 2 == 0
+end
+puts evens
+
+# ====================================================================================
+# Rejecting elements
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts "Create a new array that rejects odd numbers."
+also_even = one_to_ten.reject do |number|
+  number % 2 != 0
+end
+puts also_even
+
+# ====================================================================================
+# Array transform using the map function.
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts "Create an array that doubles every number."
+doubled = one_to_ten.map do |number|
+  number * 2
+end
+puts doubled
+
+# ====================================================================================
+# Combining array functions.
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts "Create an array that selects only odd numbers and then multiply those by 10."
+odd_doubled = one_to_ten.find_all do |number|
+  number % 2 != 0
+end.map do |odd_number|
+  odd_number * 10
+end
+puts odd_doubled
+
+# ====================================================================================
+# Product function.
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts "All combination of numbers 1 to 10."
+all_combinations = one_to_ten.product(one_to_ten)
+puts all_combinations
+
+# ====================================================================================
+# Uniq and sort function.
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts "All uniq combinations of numbers."
+puts "For example: [1, 2] is the same as [2, 1]."
+uniq_combinations =
+  one_to_ten.product(one_to_ten)
+            .map do |unsorted_number|
+              unsorted_number.sort
+            end.uniq
+puts uniq_combinations
+
+# ====================================================================================
+# Example of an advanced array transform.
+# ====================================================================================
+
+puts "All unique Pythagorean Triples between 1 and 100 sorted by area of the triangle."
+
+one_to_hundred = (1..100).to_a
+
+triples =
+  one_to_hundred.product(one_to_hundred).map do |width, height|
+              [width, height, Math.sqrt(width ** 2 + height ** 2)]
+            end.find_all do |_, _, hypotenuse|
+              hypotenuse.to_i == hypotenuse
+            end.map do |triangle|
+              triangle.map(&:to_i)
+            end.uniq do |triangle|
+              triangle.sort
+            end.map do |width, height, hypotenuse|
+              [width, height, hypotenuse, (width * height) / 2]
+            end.sort_by do |_, _, _, area|
+              area
+            end
+
+triples.each do |width, height, hypotenuse, _|
+  puts "(#{width}, #{height}, #{hypotenuse})"
+end
+
+puts ''
+puts '================================'
+puts ''
+puts ''
+
+# ====================================================================================
+# Example of an sorting.
+# ====================================================================================
+
+things_to_sort = [
+  { type: :background, order: 1 },
+  { type: :foreground, order: 1 },
+  { type: :foreground, order: 2 }
+]
+
+# For a simple sort, you can use sort_by
+results = things_to_sort.sort_by do |hash|
+  hash[:order]
+end
+
+puts "Simple sort:"
+puts results
+
+# for a more complicated sort, you can provide a block that returns
+# -1, 0, 1 for a left and right operand
+results = things_to_sort.sort do |l, r|
+  sort_result = 0
+  puts "here is l: #{l}"
+  puts "here is r: #{r || "nil"}"
+  # if either value is nil/false return 0
+  if !l || !r
+    sort_result = 0
+  # if the type of "left" is background and the
+  # type of "right" is foreground, then return
+  # -1 (which means "left" is less than "right"
+  elsif l[:type] == :background && r[:type] == :foreground
+    sort_result = -1
+  # if the type of "left" is foreground and the
+  # type of "right" is background, then return
+  #  1 (which means "left" is greater than "right"
+  elsif l[:type] == :foreground && r[:type] == :background
+    sort_result = 1
+  # if "left" and "right"'s type are the same, then
+  # use the order as the tie breaker
+  elsif l[:order] < r[:order]
+    sort_result = -1
+  elsif l[:order] > r[:order]
+    sort_result = 1
+  # returning 0 means both values are equal
+  else
+    sort_result = 0
+  end
+  sort_result
+end.to_a
+
+puts "Custom sort:"
+puts results
+
+# ====================================================================================
+# Api documention for Array that is worth commiting to memory because arrays are so
+# awesome in Ruby: https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/2.0.0/Array.html
+# ====================================================================================
diff --git a/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/main.rb b/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/main.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96461aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/00_intermediate_ruby_primer/app/main.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+def tick args
+  args.outputs.labels << [640, 380, "Open repl.rb in the text editor of your choice and follow the document.", 0, 1]
+end