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+=begin
+
+ APIs listing that haven't been encountered in previous sample apps:
+
+ - reverse: Returns a new string with the characters from original string in reverse order.
+   For example, the command
+   "dragonruby".reverse
+   would return the string
+   "yburnogard".
+   Reverse is not only limited to strings, but can be applied to arrays and other collections.
+
+ Reminders:
+
+ - ARRAY#intersect_rect?: Returns true or false depending on if two rectangles intersect.
+
+ - args.outputs.labels: An array. The values generate a label.
+   The parameters are [X, Y, TEXT, SIZE, ALIGNMENT, RED, GREEN, BLUE, ALPHA, FONT STYLE]
+   For more information about labels, go to mygame/documentation/02-labels.md.
+
+=end
+
+# This code shows a maze and uses input from the keyboard to move the user around the screen.
+# The objective is to reach the goal.
+
+# Sets values of tile size and player's movement speed
+# Also creates tile or box for player and generates map
+def tick args
+  args.state.tile_size     = 80
+  args.state.player_speed  = 4
+  args.state.player      ||= tile(args, 7, 3, 0, 128, 180)
+  generate_map args
+
+  # Adds walls, goal, and player to args.outputs.solids so they appear on screen
+  args.outputs.solids << args.state.walls
+  args.outputs.solids << args.state.goal
+  args.outputs.solids << args.state.player
+
+  # If player's box intersects with goal, a label is output onto the screen
+  if args.state.player.intersect_rect? args.state.goal
+    args.outputs.labels << [30, 720 - 30, "You're a wizard Harry!!"] # 30 pixels lower than top of screen
+  end
+
+  move_player args, -1,  0 if args.inputs.keyboard.left # x position decreases by 1 if left key is pressed
+  move_player args,  1,  0 if args.inputs.keyboard.right # x position increases by 1 if right key is pressed
+  move_player args,  0,  1 if args.inputs.keyboard.up # y position increases by 1 if up is pressed
+  move_player args,  0, -1 if args.inputs.keyboard.down # y position decreases by 1 if down is pressed
+end
+
+# Sets position, size, and color of the tile
+def tile args, x, y, *color
+  [x * args.state.tile_size, # sets definition for array using method parameters
+   y * args.state.tile_size, # multiplying by tile_size sets x and y to correct position using pixel values
+   args.state.tile_size,
+   args.state.tile_size,
+   *color]
+end
+
+# Creates map by adding tiles to the wall, as well as a goal (that the player needs to reach)
+def generate_map args
+  return if args.state.area
+
+  # Creates the area of the map. There are 9 rows running horizontally across the screen
+  # and 16 columns running vertically on the screen. Any spot with a "1" is not
+  # open for the player to move into (and is green), and any spot with a "0" is available
+  # for the player to move in.
+  args.state.area = [
+    [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,],
+    [1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,], # the "2" represents the goal
+    [1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,],
+    [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,],
+    [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,],
+    [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1,],
+    [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1,],
+    [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,],
+    [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ],
+  ].reverse # reverses the order of the area collection
+
+  # By reversing the order, the way that the area appears above is how it appears
+  # on the screen in the game. If we did not reverse, the map would appear inverted.
+
+  #The wall starts off with no tiles.
+  args.state.walls = []
+
+  # If v is 1, a green tile is added to args.state.walls.
+  # If v is 2, a black tile is created as the goal.
+  args.state.area.map_2d do |y, x, v|
+    if    v == 1
+      args.state.walls << tile(args, x, y, 0, 255, 0) # green tile
+    elsif v == 2 # notice there is only one "2" above because there is only one single goal
+      args.state.goal   = tile(args, x, y, 0,   0, 0) # black tile
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+# Allows the player to move their box around the screen
+def move_player args, *vector
+  box = args.state.player.shift_rect(vector) # box is able to move at an angle
+
+  # If the player's box hits a wall, it is not able to move further in that direction
+  return if args.state.walls
+                .any_intersect_rect?(box)
+
+  # Player's box is able to move at angles (not just the four general directions) fast
+  args.state.player =
+    args.state.player
+        .shift_rect(vector.x * args.state.player_speed, # if we don't multiply by speed, then
+                    vector.y * args.state.player_speed) # the box will move extremely slow
+end